Hyperbolic Penning trap

A recent effort of this laboratory has resulted in the introduction of a hyperbolic Penning trap (3 p. The cell consists of two end caps and one ring electrode similar to the design of Byrne and Farago (51.) (see Figure 8). 

Ion trap/TOF This combination is advantageous because it enables the MS" capabilities of an ion trap with the high mass accuracy and speed of a TOF analyzer. The ion trap can either be a conventional hyperbolic Penning-type device or a linear trap device. Below we describe the deployment of the former type ion trap/TOF for explosives detection. 

Since ions show stronger interactions with EM fields than neutral atoms, which experience only a weak force because of their polarizability, they can be stored more effectively in EM traps. Therefore trapping of ions was achieved long before neutral particles were flapped [1215,1216]. Two different techniques have been developed to store ions within a small volume in the radio frequency (RF) quadrupole trap [1216,1217,1242] the ions are confined within a hyperbolic electric dc field superimposed by a RF field, while in the Penning trap [1220] a dc magnetic field with a superimposed electric field of hyperbolic geometry is used to flap the ions. 

The Penning trap consists of a homogeneous magnetic field in the z direction and a dc electric field formed by hyperbolic electrodes resulting in a dc electric potential... 

Fig. 4.59. Important ICR cell types electrodes are labeled with E excitation, D detection, T trapping (a) classic cubic ceU, (b) Penning cell with hyperbolic electrodes, (c) infinity Cell with segmented trapping plates, and (d) triple cell. The latter two aim at virtually expanding the potentials in the trapping zone along the z-axis. Adapted from Ref. [197] with permission. Elsevier Science Publishers, 1995.

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