Hydrotreating reactor

Figure 14.3 UOP SafeCat isomerization scheme. HTR = Hydrotreating Reactor,...

The petroleum hydrotreating reactor is the most important example of this reactor. As discussed in Chapter 2, the hydrogenation and cracking of the heavy fraction of crude oil to produce lighter and volatile products occurs in an overall reaction... 

Insufficient activity of present catalysts to overcome the low-reactivity PASCs using existing moderate-pressure (<5 MPa) hydrotreating reactors... 

Reaction studies with model compounds representative of the metal species in petroleum are discussed to provide insight into the fundamental rate processes which occur. It will be demonstrated that this information can be used to successfully interpret the behavior of real feedstocks in commercial hydrotreating reactors. 

Alumina supported molybdenum oxide catalysts are extensively used in hydrotreating reactors. Under reaction conditions the oxides are not stable because they are transformed into molybdenum sulphides. In practice this step is carried out in a so-called sulphiding step. In this step the catalyst is pretreated with a mixture containing a sulphur compound. The sulphiding step was investigated by carrying out a TPS study. TPS is strictly analogous to TPR, except for the gas mixture which is here a H2/H2S mixture. 

H. Gierman, Design of Laboratory Hydrotreating Reactors. Scaling Down of Trickle-flow Reactors, Appl. Catal. 45 277-286 (1988). 

A hydrogen partial pressure increase, which is favorable for sulphur compounds conversion is limited due to mechanical constraints of maximum total pressure of existing hydrotreating reactor. However, a substantial increase of hydrogen partial pressure could be obtained by purification of make up hydrogen or recycled hydrogen. 

H - hydrotreating reactor C - cracking reactor V - high pressure separator v - low pressure separator T - rectification tower S - stripper... 

Gierman H. Design of laboratory hydrotreating reactors. Scaling down of trickle-flow reactors. Appl. Cat. 1988 43 277. 

Figure 13.12 Multibed hydrotreating reactor with quenching.

Figure 12. SynSat/SynShift process with Criterion/Lummus catalytic hydrotreating reactor technology, with intermediate by-prodnct gas removal and counter-current gas-flow. ...

Determination of the nature of the catalytically stabilized phase under operating conditions is fundamental if one wants to understand the activity and selectivity properties of a given sulfide. It is even more important since sulfide catalysts have to work under very harsh conditions in a hydrotreating reactor. Significant restructuring can be expected. However,... 

Chen, J., Mulgundmath, V., Wang, N. 2011. Accounting for vapor-Uquid equilibrium in the modeling and simulation of a commercial hydrotreating reactor. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 50 1571-1579. 

Mederos, F.S., Rodriguez, M.A., Ancheyta, J., Arce, E. 2006. Dynamic modeling and simulation of catalytic hydrotreating reactors. Energy Fuels 20(3) 936—945. 

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