Hydrosphere evolution

Cloud PE (1968) Atmospheric and hydrospheric evolution on the primitive Earth. Science 160 729-736... 

Outline the main features of hydrosphere evolution. Why was water the main liquid on the Earth ... 

The equilibrium model allows certain inferences to be drawn concerning the geochemical environment which might have existed when sediments were formed, from knowledge of the thermodynamic properties of these sediments today. Thus, one can speculate about the evolution of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere, by assuming that equilibrium states were approached at various stages in geological history. 

Whatever the real time sequence of eukaryote evolution may be, origin and development of the nucleated cell has implications for the understanding of the evolution of 02 in hydrosphere and atmosphere since even the few anaerobic eukaryotes that presently exist require molecular oxygen for synthesis of some essential biochemicals47 2 Thus all eukaryotic cells are basically aerobic and it is most likely that they evolved from an aerobic protoeukaryote stem cell. 

In summary, it can be stated that there is nothing markedly unusual about the Isua supracrustal facies and their organic contents. They can be compared closely with younger Precambrian, and in some cases Phanerozoic lithologies and successions. Depositional mechanisms and hydrosphere — atmosphere chemical equilibria appear to have been within the range of more recent times (Nutman et al., 1984)119). It seems from all indication that the advent of photoautrophy preceeded Isua times. It was probably the most crucial single event to make an impact on the evolution of the terrestrial atmosphere. 

Schaefer MW (1990) Geochemical evolution of the Northern Plains of Mars Early hydrosphere, carbonate development, and present morphology. J Geophys Res 95 14,291-14,300... 

Synopsis of the origin and evolution of the hydrosphere-atmosphere-sedimentary lithosphere... 

SYNOPSIS OF THE ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE HYDROSPHERE-ATMOSPHERE-SEDIMENTARY LITHOSPHERE... 

Vinogradov has pointed out that with the appearance of the biosphere somewhere on the verge of 3-10 yr ago, there was a major upheaval in the evolution of the Earth. Oxidizing processes were abruptly accelerated, a nitrogen atmosphere arose in which carbon dioxide predominated over methane, and free carbon was oxidized to CO2. After the carbon was oxidized or at the same time as that process, there began oxidation of divalent iron (at — 10 ), which led to subsequent wholesale deposition of the sediments of the Precambrian BIF. Free carbon in equilibrium with the atmosphere appeared only after complete oxidation of ferrous iron compounds in the hydrosphere and on the land surface. 

---