Hydrolysis of cyanogen

Oxahc acid was synthesi2ed for the first time ia 1776 by Scheele through the oxidation of sugar with nitric acid. Then, Wn h1er synthesi2ed it by the hydrolysis of cyanogen [460-19-5] ia 1824. 

The three species are iso-electronic, the two ions being the analogs of carbon dioxide in the Nitrogen System of Compounds (p. 235). Neither of the ions is stable in acid solution, both being hydrolyzed to CO2 and the ammonium ion. The cyanate ion, however, may persist in moderately basic solutions and, indeed is sometimes prepared by basic hydrolysis of cyanogen by ammonia (in the presence of a metal ion which can remove the cyanide ion, also produced). 

Figure 3.5 The hydrolysis of cyanogenic diglucosides by diglucosidases. Cleavage of cyanogenic diglucosidase is performed either by sequential or simultaneous mechanisms.

Cyanogenesis is initiated following the hydrolysis of cyanogenic glucosides by 3-glucosidases, which are often referred to as cyanogenic 3-glucosidases. Such enz)mies are localized in the apoplasm, in protein bodies or in... 

The HCN potential corresponds to the total amount of cyanide which will be liberated after complete hydrolysis of cyanogenic glucosides. 

Bailey, P.L. and Bishop, EJ. 1973a. Hydrolysis of cyanogen chloride. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 9 912-916. 

Physicochemical properties of cyanogen (NC—CN, 1) were the subject of thorough investigations. Papers published deal with Raman spectra, with proton affinity, reactions with low-energy electrons " and cyanide formation by electron attachments. Kinetics of basic hydrolysis of cyanogen were investigated in detail. Photolysis at 193 nm was studied... 

Bailey PL, Bishop E (1970) The hydrolysis of cyanogen chloride. Proc Soc Anal Chem 7 150-152. 

General base catalysis of the hydrolysis of cyanogen chloride is reported, as, for example, by borax (Scheme 2). At pH = 10.1, the activation energy is... 

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