Methyl formate, hydrogenation

Formaldehyde is readily reduced to methanol by hydrogen over many metal and metal oxide catalysts. It is oxidized to formic acid or carbon dioxide and water. The Cannizzaro reaction gives formic acid and methanol. Similarly, a vapor-phase Tischenko reaction is catalyzed by copper (34) and boric acid (38) to produce methyl formate ... 

Other potential processes for production of formic acid that have been patented but not yet commerciali2ed include Hquid-phase oxidation (31) of methanol to methyl formate, and hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (32). The catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol to methyl formate (33) has not yet been adapted for formic acid production. 

Sodium amide Methyl formate Sodium hydroxide Hydrogen chloride... 

Both oxidative and non-oxidative routes with similar share are followed, yielding hydrogen or water as additional products. As by-products, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, methyl formate and formic acid are generated. It is advised to quench the exit stream as formaldehyde decomposition can occur. 

Other metal complexes containing Pd, Ru, Co, or Pt have also been used.176 The hydroformylation reaction can also be performed by using methyl formate instead of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.177... 

A conmercial catalyst frcm Harshaw was used, a 3 1 mixture of molybdenum trioxide and ferric molybdate, as well as the two separate phases. Kinetic experiments were done previously in a differential reactor with external recycle using these same catalysts as well as several other preparations of molybdenun trioxide, including supported samples. Hie steady state kinetic experiments were done in the temperature range 180-300 C, and besides formaldehyde, the following products were observed, dimethylether, dimethoxymethane, methyl formate, and carbon-monoxide. Usually very little carbon dioxide was obtained, and under certain conditions, hydrogen and methane can be produced. 

The use of Ru(acac)3 under very high temperature (268 °C) and pressure (1300 bar of H2/CO) in THF provides a catalyst for the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to methanol and methyl formate [73]. The active species is derived from Ru(CO)5. 

Methanol, Hydrogen, Raney nickel catalyst, 0484 Methoxyacetyl chloride, 1165 4-Methoxy-3-nitrobenzoyl chloride, 2916 Methyl formate, Methanol, Sodium methoxide, 0834 3-Methyl-2-penten-4-yn-l-ol, 2384 Nitric acid, 4436... 

Photolytic. Methyl formate, formed from the irradiation of dimethyl ether in the presence of chlorine, degraded to carbon dioxide, water, and small amounts of formic acid. Continued irradiation degraded formic acid to carbon dioxide, water, and hydrogen chloride (Kallos and Tou, 1977 Good et al, 1999). 

Trichlorobenzene. Trichloroethylene Hydrogen azide, see Alachlor. Aldicarb. Atrazine Hydrogen bromide, see Ethylene dibromide Hydrogen chloride, see Atrazine. Captan. Carbon tetrachloride. Chloroform. Chlorpropham. Chlorpyrifos. 1.2-Dichloroethane. Diuron. Endrin. Formaldehyde. Heptachlor. Heptachlor epoxide. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene. Linuron. Methyl chloride. Methylene chloride. Methyl formate. Monuron. Propanil. Tetrachloroethylene. Trichloroethylene. Vinyl chloride Hydrogen cyanide, see Acetontrile. Alachlor. Aldicarb. 

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