Hydrogen, bonding with carbon

In 1983, Brookhart and Green [87] found a new bond called agostic in which hydrogen bonds with carbon and a transition metal simultaneously. Since this bond is a two-electron three-center bond, it is an electron-deficient bond. Both C—H and M—H bonds are longer by 5-20% than ordinary bonds and the reactivity is high... 

Section 16 3 The carbon-oxygen bond of ethers is polar and ethers can act as proton acceptors m hydrogen bonds with water and alcohols... 

Esters can participate m hydrogen bonds with substances that contain hydroxyl groups (water alcohols carboxylic acids) This confers some measure of water solubil ity on low molecular weight esters methyl acetate for example dissolves m water to the extent of 33 g/100 mL Water solubility decreases as the carbon content of the ester increases Fats and oils the glycerol esters of long chain carboxylic acids are practically insoluble m water... 

The low value of the expl power of oxygen atoms bonded with carbon and hydrogen atoms in such a group as COOH had already been stressed by Stettbacher (Ref 2), who also pointed out that an exception is provided by peroxides and ozonides which form exothermic bonds that considerably enhance expl performance... 

Properties of the carbonyl group of ferrocenyl germyl ketones (15) were studied by IR, NMR and XRD. The carbonyl basicity was assessed based on hydrogen bonding with phenol in carbon tetrachloride solution (see also Tables 2 and 3). The spectra were compared with those of the analogous Si compounds and those of acetyl- and benzoylgermanes54. 

Alkanes Carbon, hydrogen, bonded with single... 

For double bond of 2P1-orbital the carbon atom has PE-parameter - (8.5043 eV) - similar to PE-parameter of hydrogen atom (table 1). Therefore one of the freed hydrogen atoms join the double bond C=C available in NADPN with the formation of single bond with carbon atom [9],... 

Addition of amines to allenephosphonates yields C-phosphorylated enamines, the stereochemistry of which partly depends on the nature of R2 and R3 (147). When Ra is hydrogen, intramolecular hydrogen bonding with the phosphoryl group is possible in the Z-isomer, and indeed this is the isomer which is then produced in greater yield. The carbon-carbon double bond can be reduced with KBH4.116... 

Simple aliphatic carboxylic acids having upto four carbon atoms are miscible in water due to the formation of hydrogen bonds with water. The solubility decreases with increasing number of carbon atoms. Higher carboxylic acids are practically insoluble in water due to the increased hydrophobic interaction of hydrocarbon part. Benzoic acid, the simplest aromatic carboxylic acid is nearly insoluble in cold water. Carboxylic acids are also soluble in less polar organic solvents like benzene, ether, alcohol, chloroform, etc. 

Hydrocarbons undergo related reaction.s in the super-acid media, such as fluorosuiphuric acid and antimony pentachloride. It has been suggested that the initial one-electron processes during the electrochemical oxidation of alkanes in fluorosuiphuric acid involve a protonated carbon-hydrogen bond with formation of a carbon radical and release of two protons [15]. 

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