Hydroformylation chemical modifications

Hydroformylation of nitrile rubber is another chemical modification that can incorporate a reactive aldehyde group into the diene part and further open up new synthetic routes to the formation of novel nitrile elastomers with a saturated backbone containing carboxyl or hydroxyl functionalities. 

On the other hand, process steps which are known in principle (and thus may be verified industrially in due course) but have not yet been applied are referred to as applied processes as well. Examples are special variants of hydroformylation or carbonylation for the manufacture of special chemicals, modifications of oxacyla-tions (in the context of the Wacker-Hoechst process), the copolymerization of ethylene with carbon monoxide (Shell), and several other processes. 

In a later report, Im-Erbsin and coworkers explored hydroformylation for chemical modifications of ultrahigh-molecular-weight (>2,000,000 g/mol) d5-l,4-PBD. The only catalyst investigated was HRh(CO)(PPh3)3. Under conditions of 70 °C and 5.5 MPa syngas pressure for 10 h, 80% of the C=C bonds in PBD were converted to formyl groups (Fig. 5C). Similar conversions were achieved by Chen and coworkers under comparable reaction conditions for the hydroformylation of SBR (Fig. 5B). However, no post-hydroformylation polymer molecular-weight information was provided for either reaction system. 

Each chapter includes detailed procedures illustrating the significant modifications of the chemical reaction, as well as tables listing all the pertinent examples of the reaction. The topics discussed in Volume 56 are the Hydroformylation reaction and the Vilsmeier reactions of non-aromatic compounds. Each reaction is presented with information about the reaction conditions, products, and yields where available, and is fully referenced to the primary literature. 

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