Hydroformylation and Carbonylation Reactions Promoted by SILP Catalysts

4 Hydroformylation and Carbonylation Reactions Promoted by SILP Catalysts 

To apply continuous flow technologies, the choice of solid catalysts is highly recommended not only for the easier separation process involved but also for the use of fixed bed reactors. In this section attention is focused only on the most recent examples of solid-phase assisted catalysis using ionic liquids as the 

Reactions are run for a time that depends on catalyst half-life. Stabilities exceeding 700 h time-on-stream have been recorded. Wasserscheid and coworkers optimized the hydroformylation of propene catalysed by a silica-supported phosphane 62-Rh complex in the IL [bmim][rt-CxII 7OSO3]. Using helium or He/CO2 mixtures as carrier gas, TOF values ranged from 16 to 46 h under different reaction conditions (reagent partial pressures, support pretreatment, etc.), while selectivity in favour of the linear aldehyde was constantly around 94 95%. 

1-Butene has been also successfully hydroformylated under these conditions using the SILP catalyst, which exhibited a higher activity and selectivity with respect to propene. 

Under optimized conditions, rates corresponding to SOOmolsubst (mol catalyst ) h are observed, with /z 3. The catalyst remains stable over a 40h reaction time with less than 0.5 ppm of rhodium leaching. 5  

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