Hydrofluoric acid Iodine

The exceptional character o fluorine.—Fluorine has a little more individuality, so to speak, than the other three members of the family (1) There are no compounds of oxygen and fluorine (2) Chlorine, bromine, and iodine or the haloid acids show no signs of the remarkable effect of hydrofluoric acid and of fluorine on silicon (3) The solubilities of the sulphates, nitrates, and chlorides of barium, strontium, calcium, and magnesium decrease with increasing at. wt. of the metal, while the solubilities of the hydroxides increase the solubilities of the iodides, bromides, and chlorides... 

The stoichiometric equivalents of halogen fluorides, i.e. chlorine monofluoride, bromine monofluoride and iodine monofluoride, have found a wide application in addition reactions to double bonds. The equivalents are obtained by reacting A -haloamides or free halogens in combination with hydrogen fluoride or its salts as the source of fluoride ions. The reactions proceed under mild conditions at — 80 to 20 "C in anhydrous hydrofluoric acid or diethyl ether, tetrahydro-furan, dichloromethane or chloroform mainly by electrophilic addition with Markovnikov-type regioselectivity (anti addition).26-28... 

Arsenic Trifluoride, AsF3, is formed when fluorine reacts with arsenic trichloride 1 or with the arsenides of the alkali or alkaline earth metals 2 by the action of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid or of acid fluorides on arsenious oxide 3 by the action of certain metallic fluorides, for example silver or lead fluoride on arsenic trichloride,4 or of ammonium fluoride on arsenic tribromide B and by the action of iodine pentafluoride on arsenic.6... 

Copper 11 halides are formed with chlorine, bromine and iodine, the chloride and bromide by reduction of the coppertll) halides with copper powder, and the iodide by reduction of coppertll) sulfate. CuSOj solulion with potassium iodide. The fluoride appears never to have been made, despite reports to the contrary. All are insoluble in H20. CoppertUl fluoride, CuF may be made from CuO and hydrofluoric acid at 400°C. coppertll) chloride. CuCl by dissolving the oxide or carbonate in HCI, and coppertll) bromide. CuBr from copper and bromine water coppertll) iodide. Cub, is unstable at room temperature with respect to decomposition intu Cul and iodine. The chloride and bromide are water-soluble, and ionic. The fluoride is only slightly water-soluble. Anhydrous copper(U) chloride. Cud , is monoclinic and its structure contains infinite-chain molecules formed by CuCLi groups that share opposite edges. CuBr. has a similar structure. 

Ammonia (anhydrous) Mercury, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrofluoric acid, calcium hypochlorite... 

The (dichloroiodo)arene (40 mmol) and finely ground yellow mercuric oxide (10.8 g, 50 mmol) were shaken in a polyethylene bottle with dichloromethane (100 ml). Hydrofluoric acid (48%, 10 ml) was added and the bottle shaken vigorously for about 1 min. The colour of the solution turned from bright yellow to nearly colourless. Then the solvent phase was carefully decanted. The residue was shaken with dichloromethane (50 ml) which was combined with the original solution. The reagent formed was used in this solution for fluorination. In order to find its titre, a portion (1 ml) was analysed by titration of the iodine liberated by reaction with aqueous potassium iodide. The yield was calculated to be in the range 60-90%. 

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