Hydrodesulfurization chemistry

Although desulfurization is a process, which has been in use in the oil industry for many years, renewed research has recently been started, aimed at improving the efficiency of the process. Envii onmental pressure and legislation to further reduce Sulfur levels in the various fuels has forced process development to place an increased emphasis on hydrodesulfurization (HDS). For a clear comprehension of the process kinetics involved in HDS, a detailed analyses of all the organosulfur compounds clarifying the desulfurization chemistry is a prerequisite. The reactivities of the Sulfur-containing structures present in middle distillates decrease sharply in the sequence thiols sulfides thiophenes benzothiophenes dibenzothio-phenes (32). However, in addition, within the various families the reactivities of the Substituted species are different. 

Delmon, B. "Recent Approaches To The Anatomy and Physiology of Cobalt Molybdenum Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts" in preprints of Third International Conference on the Chemistry and Uses of Molybdenum, Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1979 (Climax Molybdenum Company). 

Minaev, V. Z. Zaidman, N. M. Spirina, G. A., et al., Effect of Pore Structure of Alumina-Cobalt-Molybdenum Catalyst on Activity and Stability in Hydrodesulfurization of Heavy Feedstocks. Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils, 1975. 11(6) pp. 436-39. 

Metal sulfides and polysulfides have been extensively studied because of their key role in important catalytic processes such as the hydrodesulfurization of crude oil or the biosynthesis of metalloproteins. The coordination chemistry of polysulfides85 86 has been comprehensively reviewed similar to that of the heavier polychalcogenides.10,12 15 Polysullido complexes are themselves reactive and their exothermic desulfurization can be exploited as a means of... 

Xu, W., et ah, Low-temperature plasma-assisted preparation of graphene supported palladium nanoparticles with high hydrodesulfurization activity. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012. 22(29) p. 14363-14368. 

OrganometaUic catalysts hydrodesulfurization, 42 413, 417-425, 432 OrganometaUic chemistry, role of phase-transfer catalysis, 35 398-400 OrganometaUic clusters heterogeneous catalysts, 38 283-288 precursors, 38 391-392... 

Kabe, T., Ishihara, A., and Qian, W., Hydrodesulfurization and Hydrogenation—Chemistry and Engineering. Wiley-VCH, Kodansha, 1999. 

Past reviews have described in detail the chemistry and mechanisms involved in the hydrodesulfurization of the most reactive organic species found in petroleum fuels (1-5). A vast amount of knowledge has been... 

Various hydrobenzo[6]thiophenes have been identified in petroleum oils (Section II, A). The chemistry of hydrobenzo[6]thiophene-1,1-dioxides and hydrodesulfurization of benzo[6]thiophenes are discussed in Sections VI, P, 2,/and VIII, respectively. 

Current emphasis in hydrodesulfurization of fuels has generated considerable interest in the reactions of molybdenum compounds with hydrogen sulfide or mixtures of H2S/H2. The following section will outline some of the pertinent reactions of molybdenum compounds with hydrogen sulfide or mixtures of H2S/H2. Details of the chemistry of hydrodesulfurization catalysts containing molybdenum are referenced later in this report. 

Armour, A. W., Ashley, J. H., Mitchell, P. C. H. Cobalt-Molybdenum-Alumina Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts. Presented before the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc.,... 

Mitchell, P. C. H. The chemistry of some hydrodesulfurization catalysts containing molybdenum. Climax Molybdenum Company Literature C-29, 1967... 

Recently, however, the implementation of several forms of modern, high resolution spectroscopy has made it possible to characterize, in relatively detailed fashion, the evolving chemistry of heterogeneous catalytic-type systems. In some cases, in fact, it has been possible to map the behavior of actual commercial catalysts, even following use. For example, much of our present understanding of the functionality of hydrodesulfurization catalysis has been a direct result of investigations of commercial systems with modern surface spectroscopies, as is also the case in the development of the basis reference for metals-support interactions (1). 

Hydrodesulfurization Hydrodenitrogenation Molybdenum MPT-containing Enzymes Molybdenum Organometal-lic Chemistry Oxidation Catalysis by Transition Metal Complexes Polyoxometalates. 

Ma, X.L., Sakanishi, K.Y., and Mochida, I. Hydrodesulfurization reactivities of various sulfur-compounds in diesel fuel. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 1994, 33, 218. 

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