Hydrodeoxygenation processing

Guaiacol (2-metho)typhenol), one of the compounds found in lignin processing, can be deoxygenated by a hydrodeoxygenation process. Monometallic catalysts exhibit poor activity and are prone to deactivation due to the presence of the phenolic compounds. At 400 °C and 0.1 MPa in a gas-phase flow reactor, monometallic tin and platinum/Inconel catalysts... 

Chaudhari, R.V., Torres, A., Jin, X., Subramaniam, B., 2013. Multiphase catalytic hydro-genolysis/hydrodeoxygenation processes for chemicals from renewable feedstocks kinetics, mechanism, and reaction engineering. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research 52, 15226-15243. 

De, S., Saha, B., Luque, R., 2015. Hydrodeoxygenation processes advances on catalytic transformations of biomass-derived platform chemical into hydrocarbon fuels. Bioresource Technology 178, 108-118. 

Deoxygenation can be done by decarboxylation, cracking, hydrodeoxygenation. The conceptual stoichiometric equations of these processes are ... 

Catalytic hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) are the processes of removing nitrogen and oxygen, respectively, from petroleum feedstocks to provide more processable and environmentally compatible liquid fuels. A review of heterogeneous HDN process and homogeneous models summarized the research till ca. 1997. ... 

Dalloro, L., Cesana, A., Buzzoni, R. and Rivetti, F. (2004) Process for the preparation of phenol by means of the hydrodeoxygenation of benzene-diols. Furopean Patent FP 1411038 to Polimeri Furopa. 

Conversion of biomass at a temperature of 300 350 °C and a pressure of 120-180 bar within the so-called HydroThermal Upgrading (HTU) process yields a mixture of hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, water and dissolved organics, which can be further processed in a catalytic HydroDeOxygenation (HDO) step to yield diesel with characteristics similar to fossil diesel. A major advantage is that wet biomass feedstocks can be employed without drying in contrast, water at hydrothermal conditions acts as a solvent and reactant at the same time, leading to a product with less oxygen compared to biocrude prepared by pyrolysis. 

The hydrodeoxygenation plays a minor role in the case of the conventional feeds, whereas for the feeds derived from coal, oil shale, and, particularly from the biomass, its role can be rather crucial. This process also occurs during the hydroprocessing of petroleum fractions along with hydrodesulfurization, hydrodenitrogenation. 

E23.3 Anisole is an oxygenated compound contained in the bio-oil, may be used with the process of HDO with Co/Mo or Ni/Mo catalyst supported on alumina. The anisole can be transformed to phenol and then can be hydrodeoxygenated, as suggested by Viljava et al. (2000). These authors used C0M0/AI2O3 sulfide catalyst. 

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