Hydrocarbon resin production and consumption

HR industrial production began in the United States when in 1920, using as a raw material some coke-chemical fractions, the early products of this category were obtained [315]. In 1927, Neville Cindu Ltd. was one of the largest HR manufacturers [316,317]. Indene-coumaronic resins were marketed in France by HGD (Huiles, Goudrons et Derives) in 1927. 

The first LMWPB was produced on an industrial scale in 1925 in Germany under the trade name Plastikator 32 [318]. In the United States products of this category were obtained in 1950 [318]. 

The year 1938 marked the start of terpenic resin production [319], while in 1940, the United States produced the first aromatic HRs using petroleum fractions as raw materials. Europe s aromatic HR production lagged to 1964 [320,321]. 

Mixed and cycloaliphatic copolymeric resins were achieved in the period between 1960 and 1970 [322]. Thus, in 1965, the main types of HRs were already known and commercialized, with a remarkable production capacity. 

For total HRs, one sees that it was the United States alone that in 1950 produced 50,000 t/year, after which the yield volume continually increased to reach 90,000 t/year in 1957, 130,000 in 1963, and approximately 160,000 t/year in 1968. Although petroleum aromatic fractions were used as raw materials to obtain HRs as late as 1940, it was only after 10 years that these fractions covered two-thirds of the whole HR yield volume. Further development of this industry was exclusively based on petroleum-origin raw materials. 

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