Hydration peroxidation

Treatment of the hydroxides of Zn and Cd with aqueous H2O2 produces hydrated peroxides of rather variable composition. That of Zn has antiseptic properties and is widely used in cosmetics. 

Super-leitfahigkeit, /. superconductivity, -oxyd, n. superoxide (peroxide), -oxyd-bleiche, /. peroxide bleach, superoxydecht, a. fast to peroxide. Super-oxydhydrat, n. hydrated peroxide, -phosphatschlempe, /. a fertilizer made by incorporating superphosphate with molasses residue. 

Zinc Peroxide, Zn02 The hydrated peroxide (of indefinite compn), explodes at 212°, and rnixts with A1 or Zn powders burn brilliantly Mellor 4 (1940), 530 cijj 1. m r i a OiUgWiCJS C It illdCiII5 t (l 950), 270... 

The hydrated peroxide (of indefinite composition) explodes at 212°C [1], and mixtures with aluminium or zinc powders bum brilliantly [2],... 

Pertartkate of Iron, by dissolving the freshly prepared hydrated peroxide of iron in solution of tartaric acid. Its solution is not precipitated by alkalies. 

After filtration, addition of sodium sulphide to the clear solution effects the precipitation of the three metals, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, as sulphides. Digestion with the calculated quantity of ferric chloride oxidises the manganese sulphide to sulphate, which passes into solution. The residue consists of cobalt and nickel sulphides, which are washed and converted into their soluble sulphates by roasting. The sulphates are extracted with water, and converted into chlorides by addition of calcium chloride solution. Their separation is effected g.s follows The requisite fraction of the chloride solution is precipitated with milk of lime, and the insoluble hydroxides of nickel and cobalt thus obtained are oxidised to the black hydroxides by treatment with chlorine. The. washed precipitate is then introduced into the remainder of the chloride solution, and the whole is well stirred and heated, when the black hydrated oxide of nickel passes, into solution, displacing tlm Remainder of. the cobalt from the solution, into. the precipitate.. The final product is thus a suspension of hydrated peroxide.of cobalt,in p. solution of nickel chloride, from which idle cobalt precipitate is removed by filtration, washed, and ignited, to the black oxide. 

Iron. A pure auhydrou.i sesquioxido is obtained by precipitating a solntion of sesqni-sulphato or sesquichlurido of iron with ammonia in excess, and washing, drying, and igniting the resulting hydrated peroxide. 

This salt is more permanent than the manganate but when we attempt to isolate the acid, it is rapidly decomposed, yielding hydrated peroxide and oxygen gas, Mn, 0,=2Mn0, + 0j. 

The chief ores of iron are—1. Clay iron stone, which is a more or less pure carbonate of protoxide, generally containing carbonates of lime and magnesia it accompanies coal beds both in England and in Scotland. 2. Red l ematite, which is pure peroxide or sesqnioxide of iron and brown hematite, which is hydrated peroxide. 3. Black or magnetic oxide of. iron. 

When moist hydrated peroxide of iron is mixed with a neutral solution of protochloride of tin, an exchange takes place, and a bulky precipitate of a grey colour is formed, which is a hydrate of sesquioxide of tin. Fe Oj -p 2 SnCl = Sn, 0,-1-2 FeCl. The sesquioxide is soluble in acids and in ammonia, the latter character distinguishing it from the protoxide. Its solution in hydrochloric add forms, with chloride of gold, the purple of Cassius and seems, indeed, better adapted for making it than the protoxide. 

Stn. Sesquioxide of Cobalt.— When bleaching liquor (hypochlorite of lime) is added to solutions of protoxide of cobalt, or when chlorine is passed through hydrated protoxide suspended in water, a black powder is formed, which is hydrated peroxide. 3 eq. protoxide, and 1 eq. chlorinej yield 1 eq. protochloride and 1 eq. peroxide. 3 CoO -f- Cl = Co, 0, -J- CoCl. 

The only known antidote to arsenious acid is the hydrated peroxide of iron, the ferrugo of the Edin. Pharmacopoeia, which should be given in the moist state mixed with water. When made for this purpose, the precipitated oxide should never be dried, but kept under water as when once dried, it is far less efficacious. It acts by combining with the arsenious acid. 

Carbonate of protoxide of iron is formed when an alkaline carbonate is added to a solution of protosulphate of iron. It falls as a dirty white bulky precipitate, which rapidly becomes green, and then brown, losing carbonic acid, and attracting oxygen, till it passes into hydrated peroxide of iron. It may be... 

Antidotes.—Moist hydrated peroxide of iron magnesia cold affusions inhalation of ammonia. 

Antidotes.—Fresh air affusions of cold water inhalation of ammonia or chlorine freshly precipitated hydrated peroxide of iron mixed with an alkaline carbonate. 

Synonyms.—Moist Ferric Hydrate Ferri Peroxidum Hydratum Moist Hydrated Peroxide of Iron. 

Hydrated Peroxide of Iron. .. 1 part. Confection of Eoses.3 parts. 

In the 1000-1500°C range frequently used in chemical laboratories, a hexagonal crystal form of PajOj is obtained. Black Pa02 (fluorite structure) is formed by hydrogen reduction of the higher oxide at temperatures above 1550°C. The oxides with O/M ratios between 2.0 and 2.5 can be obtained by selective oxidation of Pa02 or reduction of Pa205. As in the case of ThO, a PaO film has been reported to form on the surface of Pa metal but it is not likely that a bulk form of pure PaO can be prepared. A number of complex (ternary) oxides have been reported for Pa in addition to hydrated oxides and a hydrated peroxide of variable composition. 

Especially on warming neutral or slightly acidified Th, H2O2 precipitates a variable hydrated peroxide, used to eonfirm thorium, soluble in exeess H2SO4. One product is Th6(02)io(N03)4 IOH2O. 

A further example of a rechargeable battery is the nickel-iron cell. In the discharged state the negative plate of this cell is iron with hydrated ferrous oxide, and the positive plate is nickel with hydrated nickel oxide. When charged, the ferrous oxide is reduced to iron, and the nickel oxide is oxidized to a hydrated peroxide. The cell reaction may thus be represented by... 

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