Hydrates in oil recovery

However, these methods become rather uneconomic at depths of up to 2000 m with the required high-throughputs of inhibitors. Consequently, it becomes important to study kinetics of hydrate formation for prediction of their growth in order to adapt the right tools like kinetic inhibitors or even depressurization. Especially, in EOR, the injector head may be heated to increase the temperature of the injected gas stream. The influence of inner wall surfaces on adhesion leading to plug formation has not been studied systematically so far. 

Lately, the idea came up to make use of hydrates as an energy source combined with CCS by exchanging methane in natural gas hydrates by anthropogenic carbon dioxide. 

For a detailed description ofhigh-pressure equipment including design aspects, refer to Chapters 12 and 13. In this section, some remarks are made on specific developments in enhanced oil recovery. 

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