Hydantoinases bacillus brevis

Hydroxylphenyl glycine [from Z)X.-Hydantoinase Bacillus brevis cells... 

Chemically synthesised D,L-hydantoins prepared from the corresponding aldehydes via die Bucherer Berg reaction are converted by the bacterial cells (Bacillus brevis), containing a D-spedfic hydantoinase, to a mixture of D-N-carbamoyl amino acid and L-hydantoin. The latter compound undergoes rapid and spontaneous racemisation under the conditions of the reaction, therefore, in principle 100% of the hydantoin is converted into the D-N-carbamoyl compound. The D-amino add is obtained after treatment of the D-N-carbamoyl compound with nitrous add. This process is operated on an industrial scale by the Japanese firm Kanegafuchi. 

From the data available, the three L-hydantoinases from Bacillus brevis and Bacillus stearothermophilus and the enzyme from Pseudomonas mentioned above seem to have a preference for hydantoin derivatives containing aliphatic side chains and therefore differ distinctly from those enzymes found in Arthrobacter sp. by Cotoras et al. [1241,... 

Figure 12.4-15. Substrates accepted by the L-hydantoinase of Bacillus brevis AJ 12 299 49, 50].

Production of D-p-Hydroxyphenyl Glycine by Dynamic Resolution with Hydantoinase from Bacillus brevis (E.C. 3.5.2.2) 81831... 

E = D-hydantoinase, whole cells from Bacillus brevis... 

The existence of L-hydantoinase might be rarer in nature than that of D-hydantoinase. It can be divided into two groups one needs ATP for its activity and the other does not. The enzyme that needs ATP was partially purified from Bacillus brevis AJ-12299 [12]. The enzyme also requires Mg ", Mn , or as cofactor for its activity. The enzyme that does not need ATP was purified from Arthrobacter sp. DSM 3747 [36]. The Arthrobacter l-hydantoinase is a homotetramer with a molecular mass of 232 kDa and showed narrow substrate specificity only toward the hydantoins that carried bulky substituents with a methylene spacer at the C-5 position. The enzyme activity was totally inhibited by the addition of EDTA and recovered by the addition of Mn or Co and partially by Ca. The substrate specificities of L-hydantoinases are summarized in Table 4. 

---