Hybridization schemes involving d orbitals

In Section 7.2.1, we have seen that many hybridization schemes involve d orbitals. In fact, we do not anticipate any technical difficulty in the construction of hybrids that have d orbital participation. Let us take octahedral d2sp3 hybrids, directed along Cartesian axes (Fig. 7.1.10), as an example. From Table 7.1.5,... 

Fig. 3-6. Five important hybridization schemes involving d orbitals. Heavy arrows show the directions in which the lobes point.

Despite the difficulty posed by hybridization schemes involving d orbitals, the sp, sp, and sp hybridization schemes are well established and very commonly encountered, particularly among the second-period elements. 

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