Hugoniot curves characteristics

Thus far in the development, the deflagration, and detonation branches of the Hugoniot curve have been characterized and region V has been eliminated. There are some specific characteristics of the tangency point J that were initially postulated by Chapman [7] in 1889. Chapman established that the slope of the adiabat is exactly the slope through J, that is,... 

The basic equations for describing the detonahon characteristics of condensed materials are fundamentally the same as those for gaseous materials described in Sections 3.2 and 3.3. The Rankine-Hugoniot equations used to determine the detonation velocities and pressures of gaseous materials are also used to determine these parameters for explosives. Referring to Sechon 3.2.3, the derivative of the Hugoniot curve is equal to the derivative of the isentropic curve at point J. Then, Eq. (3.13) be-... 

J. Berger J. Favier,MP 41, 75 83 (1959)4 (Deton theories Chapman-Jouguet characteristics for solid expls) 101) C.F. Curtiss et al, JChemPhys 30, 470-92(1959) (Theory of deton) 102) W.B. Gam, JChemPhys 30, 819-22 (1959) (Data are reported which. determine the unreacted Hugoniot curve for liquid... 

As an example, suppose Pi (in Fig 2) represents the shock pressure in the inert barrier at the boundary between the barrier and the test expl. If the Hugoniot curve of the barrier is the lower curve in Fig 2, the shock about to enter the expl is characterized by Px, ux. Now if the upper curve in Fig 2 represents the test expl, its intersection (at P2u2) with the mirror-image of the lower curve drawn thru the point PiUj (as shown in Fig 2).then gives the shock state in the expl at its boundary with the barrier. It is not necessary to know the complete Hugoniot curve of the expl to obtain the shock state in the expi at the barrier/expl boundary. If the shock velocity Ut in the expl at its boundary with the barrier is measured, then the intersection of the reflected shock characteristic (as in the example above) with the Rayleigh line of slope p0.RUt (upper dashed line in Fig 2) gives the shock state in the expl at the barrier/ expl boundary... 

In recent years, flyer plate shock sensitivity tests have begun to be used extensively. Basically these tests consist of propelling a thin plate against the expl sample. The variables in this test are plate velocity, plate material and plate thickness. The shock phenomena involved in the flyer plate expts are sketched in Fig 1. The plate velocity at impact is Ufs, the so-called free surface velocity. The intersection of the reflected characteristics of the shock Hugoniot of the plate material (drawn upwards from Ufs) with the P—u curve of the expl then gives the shock state in the expl at the impacted expl surface (P2, u2 in the example)... 

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