HPLC high performance liquid activity

Fig. 4.5.2 Actual strategies for CDG diagnosis. Initial investigations on CDG patients are routinely carried out by isoelectric focusing (IEF) of serum transferrin. With a CDG type I pattern, subsequent analysis should imply determination of phosphomannomutase (PMM) and phos-phomannose isomerase (PMI) activities. Further studies, like analysis of the lipid-linked- and protein-bound-oligosaccharides, determination of enzyme or sugar transporter activities and molecular biology studies often have to be performed in more specialised laboratories. HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography, TLC thin-layer chromatography...

Note. ELISA = enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, FACS = fluorescence-activated cell sorting, HPLC = high-performance liquid chromatography, IHC = immunohistochemistry, LC/MS = liquid chromatography/MS = mass spectrometry, LPS = lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin), NA = not applicable, PAHA = (nonhuman) primate anti-human antibodies. 

APDC = ammonium pyrroiidine dithiocarbamate Bq = Bequerei and 1 pCi = 0.37 Bq dpm = disintegration per minute and 1 pCi = 2.22 dpm EDTA = ethyienediaminetetraacetic acid Fi = fiow injection HPLC=high performance liquid chromatography ICP = inductively coupled plasma spectrometry INAA = instrumental neutron activation and analysis MS = mass spectrometry NAA = neutron activation analysis nM = nanomole or 10 of a mol... 

Abbreviations APCI Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization DAG Diacyl-glycerols DE Delayed Extraction DHB 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid El Electron Impact ESI Electrospray Ionisation FACS Fluorescence-activated cell sorting GC Gas Chromatography HDL High Density Lipoprotein HPLC High-Performance Liquid Chromatography IR Infrared LDL Low Density Lipoprotein LOD Level of Detection LOQ Level of Quantification LPC Lyso-Phosphatidylcholine LPL Lyso-Phospholipid MALDI Matrix-... 

Paganga, G. et al.. The polyphenolic content of fruit and vegetables and their antioxidant activities what does a serving constitute Free Radical Res., 30, 153, 1999. Maatta, K.R. et al.. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of phenolic compounds in berries with diode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (MS) detection Rihes species, J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 6736, 2003. 

Active ingredient tracers or test substances can be quantified using gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. 

Milbemectin consists of two active ingredients, M.A3 and M.A4. Milbemectin is extracted from plant materials and soils with methanol-water (7 3, v/v). After centrifugation, the extracts obtained are diluted to volume with the extraction solvent in a volumetric flask. Aliquots of the extracts are transferred on to a previously conditioned Cl8 solid-phase extraction (SPE) column. Milbemectin is eluted with methanol after washing the column with aqueous methanol. The eluate is evaporated to dryness and the residual milbemectin is converted to fluorescent anhydride derivatives after treatment with trifluoroacetic anhydride in 0.5 M triethylamine in benzene solution. The anhydride derivatives of M.A3 and M.A4 possess fluorescent sensitivity. The derivatized samples are dissolved in methanol and injected into a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system equipped with a fluorescence detector for quantitative determination. 

The above chemistry has been applied to the synthesis of a series of derivatives which show activity against animal parasites. In order to confirm further the stmcture and configuration of the most active enantiomer of one of these compounds, the enantiomers were separated by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and single crystal X-ray diffraction of a 2 1 CuCl2 complex was carried out <2005BML2375>. 

---