Homosesquiterpene

The use of allomones to attract prey is not restricted to adult or last instar stages of M. hutchinsoni. Because juvenile spiderlings are too small to catch moths, they attract moth flies (Diptera Psychodidae). They do not use a bolas but instead seize their prey with their forelegs (Yeargan and Quate, 1996), and each spider species specializes on a specific prey species. Allomones that might mediate the attraction of prey have not yet been identified, and, indeed, the possible pheromones of psychodid moth flies are still largely unknown. To date, homosesquiterpene pheromones have been identified only from psychodid sandflies in the... 

Hamilton, J. G. C., Brazil, R. R, Morgan, E. D. and Alexander, B. (1999a). Chemical analysis of oxygenated homosesquiterpenes a putative sex pheromone from Lutzomyia lichyi (Diptera Psychodidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 89 139-145. 

A collection of the red alga Plocamium cartilagineum from Corsica and the Maltese Islands has yielded the four new halogenated homosesquiterpenic fatty acids 767-770 (843). The Pohnpei sponge Dysidea fragilis contains the novel (4 )-... 

Rezanka T, Dembitsky VM (2001) Polyhalogenated Homosesquiterpenic Fatty Acids from Plocamium cartilagineum. Phytochemistry 57 607... 

Upon infestation of lima bean leaves (Phaseolus lunatus) with two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae), induction of ( )-P-ocimene (47) and a homomonoterpene, -4,8-dimethyl-l,3,7-nonatriene, occurs. A homosesquiterpene, (3 , 7 )-4,8,12-trimethyl-l,3,7,ll-tridecatetraene also has been observed (Dicke et al., 1990). These compounds attract another mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis, which is a predator of the two-spotted spider mite, a phenomenon known as indirect defense (Dicke et al., 1990 Takabayashi et al., 1991). When uninfested leaves are placed on moist cotton that had previously come into contact with leaves that had been infested (but had the mites removed), production of these compounds again occurred, providing evidence that induction of these kairomones occurs (Takabayashi et al., 1991). The... 

Z y and ( , )-a-famesene (59) and related homosesquiterpenes have been reported to serve as trail pheromones for the imported fire ant of the southern United States (Vander Meer, 1983). 

Figure 6.23 The biosynthesis of homomevalonate from acetate (as malonate) and propionate units. The black dot on carbon indicates a labelled carbon of propionate. Isomerization of 3-methylenepentyl pyrophosphate gives rise to three possible kinds of branching. The one shown on the left is most common and the formation from it of a homosesquiterpene is illustrated...

Figure 6.25 Further examples of homosesquiterpenes from insects. Faranal has two homomevalonate units, homohimachalene has one...

Isolated in 2007 from Mycale eupkctelloides collected in Sulawesi, Indonesia, euplectoUodiol is a homosesquiterpene biogenetically related to mycaperoxide A but without cytotoxicity (Sabnorm et al, 2007). 

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