Holmes

Nellis W J, Holmes N C, Mitchell A C and Van Thiel M 1984 Phase transition in fluid nitrogen at high densities and temperatures Phys. Rev. Lett. 53 1661... 

Gutowsky H S and Holm C H 1956 Rate processes and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. II. Hindered internal rotation of amides J. Chem. Phys. 25 1228-34... 

Gutowsky H S and Holm C H 1975 Time-dependent magnetic perturbations Dynamic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ed L M Jackman and F A Cotton (New York Academic) pp 1-21... 

Guokenheimer J and Holmes P 1983 Nonlinear Osolllatlons, Dynamloal Systems, and Bifuroations of Veotor Fields (New York Springer) pp 270, 306... 

Levitt Warshel [17, 18] were the first to show that reduced representations may work they used Ca atoms and virtual atoms at side chain centroids. OOBATAKE Crippen [24] simplified further by only considering the Ca atoms. This is snfficient since there are reasonably reliable methods (Holm Sander [11, 12]) that compute a full atom geometry from the geometry of the Ca atoms. (All atom representations are used as well, but limited to the prediction of tiny systems such as enkephalin.)... 

L. Holm and C. Sander, Database algorithm for generating protein backbone and side-chain co-ordinates from a trace, J. Mol. Biol. 218 (1991), 183-194. 

L. Holm and C. Sander, Fast and simple Monte Carlo algorithm for side chain optimization in proteins. Proteins 14 (1992), 213-223. 

They compared the PME method with equivalent simulations based on a 9 A residue-based cutoflF and found that for PME the averaged RMS deviations of the nonhydrogen atoms from the X-ray structure were considerably smaller than in the non-PME case. Also, the atomic fluctuations calculated from the PME dynamics simulation were in close agreement with those derived from the crystallographic temperature factors. In the case of DNA, which is highly charged, the application of PME electrostatics leads to more stable dynamics trajectories with geometries closer to experimental data [30]. A theoretical and numerical comparison of various particle mesh routines has been published by Desemo and Holm [31]. 

K. Varmuza, Encyclopedia of Spectro-scopy and Spectrometry, J.C. Lindon, G.E. Tranter, J.L. Holmes (Eds.), Academic Press, London, 2000,... 

Desemo M and C Holm 1998a. How to Mesh Up Ewald Sums. I. A Theoretical and Numerical Comparison of Various Particle Mesh Routines. Journal of Chemical Physics 109 7678-7693. 

Holm L and C Sander 1994. The FSSP Database of Structurally Aligned Protein Fold Families. Ni Acids Research 22 3600-3609. 

Holm L and C Sander 1999. Protein Folds and Families Sequence and Structure Alignments. Ni Acids Research 27 244-247. 

By treatment with anhydrous aluminium chloride (Holmes and Beeman, 1934). Ordinary commercial, water-white benzene contains about 0 05 per cent, of thiophene. It is first dried with anhydrous calcium chloride. One litre of the dry crude benzene is shaken vigorously (preferably in a mechanical shaking machine) with 12 g. of anhydrous aluminium chloride for half an hour the temperature should preferably be 25-35°. The benzene is then decanted from the red liquid formed, washed with 10 per cent, sodium hydroxide solution (to remove soluble sulphur compounds), then with water, and finally dried over anhydrous calcium chloride. It is then distilled and the fraction, b.p. 79-5-80-5°, is collected. The latter is again vigorously shaken with 24 g. of anhydrous aluminium chloride for 30 minutes, decanted from the red liquid, washed with 10 per cent, sodium hydroxide solution, water, dried, and distilled. The resulting benzene is free from thiophene. 

Lindon, J.C., Tranter, G.E., and Holmes, J.L., Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry, Academic Press, New York, 2000. 

R. C. Strittmater, E. M. Wineholt, and M. E. Holmes, The Sensitivity of Double Base Propellant Burning Rate to Initial Temperature, MR-2593, BRL, Aberdeen, Md., 1976. 

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