High-shear homogeniser

Wheat straw Microfibrillation by super-grinder Cryocrushing followed by high shear homogenisation 20-120 nm in width, the majority around 30-40 nm... 

As described earlier in the section on bead or suspension polymers (Section 3.3.1.2), a solution of monomer(s) is prepared in water and then mixed into a low to medium viscosity non-volatile oil phase. In this process, which is often referred to as an inverse emulsion polymerisation technique, surfactants which promote the formation of water-in-oil emulsions are commonly used. These would usually be materials with an HLB (hydrophihc-lipophilic balance) value in the range 4—7, an example of which is sorbitan mono-oleate. In order to achieve the desired droplet particle size of a maximum around 1 pim prior to polymerisation, high shear homogenisers are used to assist the formation of such very small... 

Flotation is another method to remove solid (cells) from fermentation broth, using air bubbles to float protein. We may use different kinds of high shear-force devices to make homogeneous solutions for liberating intracellular enzymes. Figure 7.8 shows several types of impeller for homogenisation. 

Based on shear forces high pressure homogeniser... 

A widely used technique for cell disruption is high-pressure homogenisation. Shear forces generated in this treatment are sufficient to completely disrupt many types of cell. A common... 

Hence the melting process entails both homogenisation and desired and/or undesired high shearing that are much like those in any functionalisation process based on initiation and grafted monomer addition. In the case of polymer blends, their properties are largely... 

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