High performance liquid chromatography organic modifiers

Baczek, T., Markuszewski, M., Kaliszan, R. Linear and quadratic relationships between retention and organic modifier content in eluent in reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography a systematic comparative statistical study. 

McCalley, D. V., Effect of organic solvent modifier and nature of solute on the performance of bonded silica reversed-phase columns for the analysis of strongly basic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography, /. Chromatogr A, 738(2), 169, 1996. 

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is very similar in principle to, and is as convenient as, high-performance liquid chromatography, but it uses as the high-pressure eluant fluid CO2 (or other fluid) above its critical point (for CO2 Tc = 31.3°C, Pq = 7.38 MPa, pc = 0.448 g cm-3). SPC can separate relatively small and/or thermally labile molecules. The analyte is introduced as a solution in methanol. Small amounts of organic solvents can be added as "modifiers." Any C02 brought out with the analyte to ambient atmosphere will evaporate harmlessly. 

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