High Performance Additive Manufactured Scaffolds

The advances by additive manufacturing have significantly improved the control over the microarchitectnre of scaffolds for tissue engineering (1). The optimization of additive manufactured scaffolds microarchitecture with regard to conflicting requirements, e.g., mechanical stiffness and porosity level, have been assessed. 

The integration of additive manufacturing with other scaffold fabrication methods, i.e., combined additive manufacturing, is an interesting trend. This results in hybrid architectures with complementary structural features. 

Even when this innovative approach is still at its beginning, significant results have been achieved with regard to an improved biological response to the scaffold, in particular to the regeneration of complex tissues. The state of the art in the field of combined additive manufacturing has been reviewed in detail (1,2). 

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