High-nitrogen propellant

In order to elucidate the different properties of single, double and triple base gun propellants and to compare these values with the ones obtained for a new high-nitrogen propellant (e.g. NILE, see above), we calculated the relevant combustion parameters using the EXPL05 code under the assumption of isochoric combustion. The results are summarized in Table 4.15. 

Some details follow on the most important gas-forming substances and combinations, i.e. black powder, nitrocellulose powders, high nitrogen propellants, composite propellants, and high-temperature propellants. All of these are in practical use and are either specified for standardized cartridges or are in the process of replacing older propellants. 

The High-Nitrogen Propellants comprise the mixtures based mainly on ammonium nitrate, guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, and somemore unusual gas-formers such as nonexplosive azides, dicyandiamide, 5-amino-tetrazole, and others. This group has the highest gas output, little or no residue, and often furnishes cool gas at slow rates. 

Diazocines are eight-membered heterocycles containing two nitrogen atoms. The A-nitro and A-nitroso derivatives of 1,5-diazocines are energetic materials with potential for use in high-energy propellants. 

O.E. Sheffield, Long Range Basic Research Leading to the Development of Ideal Propedants. Compounds of High Nitrogen Content in Propellant Powders, PATR 1694 (May 1948) 3)... 

Fedoroff, "Basic Research Leading to the Development of Ideal Propellants. Preparation of Low Viscosity, High Nitrogen Nitrocellulose , PATR 1678 (Feb 1948)... 

Minsky B. Guida, PATR 1841(1951) (Compounds of High. Nitrogen Content in Propel lant Compositions) 4) H.D. Blankman,... 

Abel Dewar Smokeless Propellant, invented in 1889, consisted of high nitrogen NC gelatinized by acetone or ethyl acetate NG Ref Cundiir s Dictionary, MP 5, 279(1892)... 

Although these compds are not expl they contain enough nitrogen to be of some interest as potential gas-producing components for propellants or industrial expls Ref L.F. Audrieth J.W. Currier, "Derivatives of 5 Ami note tr azole," Univ of Illinois Final Rept Part B on "Compounds of High Nitrogen Content," Urban a, 111, June 15,... 

Because of its high nitrogen content, it might be of interest as a component of propellent compns... 

ATZ is a high nitrogen compd and can be used as a cooling agebt in propellants. 

As nitroammelide and its ammonium salt are high nitrogen compds and as their OB to CO is close to zero, they may be of possible value in cool propellent compositions... 

This compd is an acid and forms salts with bases. It is a combustible material which flashes when dropped on a hot plate. Due to its high nitrogen content and its compatibility with NC, the compd has been proposed for evaluation as a flash reducing agent in propellent powders(Ref 2)... 

Jr, "The Viscosity of High-Nitrogen Nitrocellulose , Paper presented at the Army -Navy Solid Propellant Group, 111 Inst of Technology, Chicago, 111(19 April, 1948) 179)H. 

N-Allylguanidine A zide, QH,Ne—was not found in Beil or CA through 1956 N-Allyl-N -nitroguonidine or l-Allyl-3-3-nitroguanidine, CH, CH. CH,. NH. C( NH) NH.NO, mw 144.14, N 38.87% crysts, mp 107-8°. Can be prepd by the interaction allyl-amine and N-methyl-N1 -nitroguanidine by the method B of Ref 3. This high nitrogen compd which may be suitable as a component of propellants was also prepd at the US Naval Powder Factory and described in coni rept (Ref 2)... 

Since both types of substituted guanidines are described together in many papers, the refs given in this work in most cases include both types It should be noted that derivs contg one or two alkyls of low molecular weightfsuch as methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, etc) are compds of high nitrogen content and may be of interest as components of propellants and expls. Their nitrated and/or... 

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