High copper phthalocyanines

Despite the described disadvantages, but due to the high yield, economical production methods, and low-cost starting materials, the phthalic anhydride/urea method is presently the most significant industrial route to Copper Phthalocyanine Blue manufacture. 

Phthalocyanine pigments, which show high tinctorial strength, provide an excellent ratio of strength versus price. The strongest member is a-Copper Phthalocyanine Blue, while yellowish Copper Phthalocyanine Green is the weakest representative. 

P.Gr.7 is used in all types of paints, including high grade original automotive finishes. Paints containing P.Gr.7 are completely suitable for exterior application. Incorporated in powder coatings, the pigment performs better than (3-Copper Phthalocyanine Blue. Plate-out is not observed (Sec. 1.6.4.1). 

Phthalocyanines exhibit high polymorphism, as well [7]. They are insoluble nano crystalline materials, which produce poor x-ray powder diagrams with high preferred orientation and have been intensely investigated by electron microscopy and diffraction [8]. From copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) (Fig.2) nine polymorphs (a, P, y, 5, s, n, p, (, a and R) are known, but only the most stable P phase could be solved by single crystal x-ray diffraction [9] (P2i/c a=14.628 A, b= 4.790 A, c= 19.07 A, b=120.93°). 

---