Hexamethylene adipamide

The polyamides poly(hexamethylene sebacamide) and poly(hexamethylene adipamide) are also widely known as nylon-6,10 and nylon-6,6, respectively. The numbers following the word nylon indicate the number of carbon atoms in the diamine and dicarboxylic acid, in that order. On the basis of this same system, poly (e-caprolactam) is also known as nylon-6. 

FIGURE 6.19 Polyamide. Column Shodex GPC HFIP-80S + HFIP-803, 8 mm i.d. x 300 mm x 2. Eluent S mM CFaCOONa/HFIP. Flow rate 1.0 mL/min. Detector Shodex Rl. Column temp. 40°C. Sample 0.05%. SOO /iL. Poly(hexamethylene adipamide) (Nylon 66). 

Poly (glycolic acid) (PGA), 41, 42, 85 preparation of, 99 Polyheterocyclization concept, 265 Poly(hexafluorobisphenol-A), 361 Poly(hexamethylene adipamide), 5 Poly(hexamethylene adipate), 5 Poly(hexamethylene fumarate) synthesis, 100-101... 

Fig. 1.—Schematic representation of polymer chains in crystalline poly-(hexamethylene adipamide). Layer structure resulting from association of polar groups is indicated by transverse parallel lines. (From Baker and Fuller, J. Am.

When sebacic dihydrazide reacts with hydrazine hydrate the product formed is polyoctamethylene-4-amino-1, 2, 4-triazole, that resembles poly (hexamethylene adipamide) in properties. 

It s interesting to recall that in the extreme excitement of this discovery, the group working at the Experimental Station at DuPont did not realize that poly-hexamethylene adipamide was a... 

Poly(hexamethylene adipamide) Poly(vinylidene chloride) 1934 1838 1938 1939 Fibers, thermoplastics Thermoplastics (packing films) Unsaturated polyesters 1930 Poly(isobutylene) Stvrene-butadiene 1926 1936 1937 1937 Thermosets Elastomers Elastomers (letter Bunas)... 

Special terminology based on trade names has been employed for some polymers. Although trade names should be avoided, one must be familiar with those that are firmly established and commonly used. An example of trade-name nomenclature is the use of the name nylon for the polyamides from unsubstituted, nonbranched aliphatic monomers. Two numbers are added onto the word nylon with the first number indicating the number of methylene groups in the diamine portion of the polyamide and the second number the number of carbon atoms in the diacyl portion. Thus poly(hexamethylene adipamide) and polyfhexamethylene sebacamide) are nylon 6,6 and nylon 6,10, respectively. Variants of these names are frequently employed. The literature contains such variations of nylon 6,6 as nylon 66, 66 nylon, nylon 6/6, 6,6 nylon, and 6-6 nylon. Polyamides from single monomers are denoted by a single number to denote the number of carbon atoms in the repeating unit. Poly(e-caprolactam) or poly(6-aminocaproic acid) is nylon 6. 

Fig. 2-13 Schematic representation of industrial process for synthesis of poly(hexamethylene adipamide). After Taylor [1944] and Jacobs and Zimmerman [1977] (by permission of Wiley-Interscience, New York).

A 21.3-g sample of poly(hexamethylene adipamide) is found to contain 2.50 x 10-3 mol of carboxyl groups by both titration with base and infrared spectroscopy. From these data the polymer is calculated to have a number-average molecular weight of 8520. What assumption is made in the calculation How can one experimentally obtain the correct value of M ... 

Trade names and abbreviations are frequently used in the literature and in oral communication, e.g. nylon 66 for poly(hexamethylene adipamide), Teflon or PTFE for poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and Lucite or PMMA for poly(methyl methacrylate). Other common abbreviations are listed below ... 

Boyd, R. H. Dielectric loss in linear poly(hexamethylene adipamide.) J. Chem. Phys. 34, 1276 (1959). 

The first truly high-mnlecular-weight polyamide was made this way in 1935 and lead to the development of the lirsl wholly man-made fiber which became popularly known as nylon, a name coined by Du Pont for fiber-forming polyamides. Numerals representing the number of carbon atoms in lirsl the diamine and then the diacid are used to identify the nylon. Thus, poly(hexamethylene adipamide) is nylon-66 (six-six, not sixty-six), and poly(hexamethylene sebacamide) made from the 10-carbon sebacic acid is nylon-610 (six-ten). 

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