Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy

The l3C H coupling constants (often obtained from 13C satellites in ]H NMR spectra) of small heterocycles have been listed (B-79MI50101). 

Aziridine 1SN shifts parallel the 13C shifts in a plot of 13C vs. 15N shifts of 13 aziridines, the correlation coefficient was 0.953 and the slope 2.1 ppm N/ppm C (80JOC1277). 

Azetidine 15N shifts are similar to those of the aziridines. Unsubstituted azetidine has its 15N resonance (relative to anhydrous ammonia) at 25.3 ppm, and A-t-butylazetidine shows the signal at 52 ppm 80JOCi277). 

Chemical shifts of 33S NMR (in ppm relative to CS2) in thiirane, thiirane 1-oxide, and thiirane 1,1-dioxide were observed at — 240, 120 and 245 ppm, respectively (87JOC3857). 

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ColEl Regulation by RNA Hairpins. Rephcation of the E. coli plasmid ColEl is regulated by two short RNA molecules and a protein in a system that provides an example of the unique stmcmral elements accessible to RNA molecules. Multidimensional heteronuclear nmr spectroscopy has been used to characterize the complex formed between the two RNAs (25). Each of the RNA molecules fold back on the other to form a pair of hairpin... 

Three-Dimensional Structure of the Inhibited Catalytic Domain of Human Stromelysin-1 by Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy... 

Pervushin KV, Orekhov V, Popov AI, Musina L, Arseniev AS (1994) Three-dimensional structure of (l-71)bacterioopsin solubilized in methanol/chloroform and SDS micelles determined by 15N-1H heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Eur J Biochem 219 571-583... 

Miuea, T., Kiaus, W., Gsell, B., Miyamoto, C. and Senn, H. Characterization of the binding interface between ubiquitin and class I human ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 2b by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy in solution. J Mol Biol 1999, 290, 213-28. 

The solution structure of a thioredoxin from B. acidocaldarius (Topt = 60 °C) has been studied by NMR and compared with that of E. coli determined by X-ray analysis. It was found that the higher thermostability of the former is due to cumulative effects, the main factor being an increased number of ionic interactions cross-linking different secondary structural elements. Multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy was also employed to characterize thioredoxin homologues found in the hyperthermophilic... 

Wang, Y.-S. Beyer, B. M. Senior, M. M. Wyss, D. F. Characterization of Autocatalytic Conversion of Precursor BACEf by Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2003, 44, 16594-16601. 

Molscript stereo figure of the structure of the nonspecific DNA-binding domain of HIV-1 integrase, in220-270, determined by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy [28]. 

Builder, S.E. and W.S. Hancock Analytical and Process Chromatography in Pharmaceutical Protein Production, Chem. Eng. Progress, 42 (August 1988). Clore, G.M, and A M. Gronenbom Structures of Larger Proteins in Solution Three- and Four-Dimensional Heteronuclear NMR Spectroscopy." Science, 1390 (June 7. 1991). 

Clore, G.M. Gronenbom, A.M. (1991). Structures of larger proteins in solution Three- and four-dimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Science 252, 1390-1399. 

Kay, L.E., Torchia, D. A., and Bax, A. (1989) Backbone dynamics of proteins as studied by 15N inverse detected heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy application to Staphylococcal nuclease, Biochemistry 28, 8972-8979. 

Bisdesmosidic triterpene saponins were isolated from the aquatic plant Ranunculus fluitans L. (Ranunculaceae) in the Rhine river. The saponin structures were established by the identification of the aglycon and sugar moieties by HPLC and chiral capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), ion-spray LC/MS, and extensive 1-D and 2-D homonu-clear and heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. 

Recent progress in Ge NMR spectroscopy has been briefly reviewed. The crucial point of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy is the extent to which it can achieve that which may be carried out by and C NMR spectroscopy. As described in this review, Ge NMR spectroscopy can employ almost all techniques used in H and C NMR spectroscopy. There exists, however, a severe limitation in Ge NMR spectroscopy. Ge is a quadrupolar nucleus and a high symmetry of electric field gradient around germanium is required for proper observation of signals. Acoustic ringing is another problem associated with Ge NMR spectroscopy. 

Wang Y-S, Beyer BM, Senior MM, Wyss DF (2005) Characterization of autocatalytic conversion of precursor BACE1 by heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy. Biochemistry 44 16594-16601... 

Heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy is possible with selenium and tellurium Se and Te both have nuclear spin quantum number I = - However, applications to the compounds described in this chapter have been few. 

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