Heterocyclic compounds flammability

Coal tar is black or dark brown-colored liquid or a high-viscosity semisolid that is one of the byproducts formed when coal is carbonized (Chapter 16). Coal tars are complex and variable mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols, and heterocyclic compounds. Because of its flammable composition coal, tar is often used for fire boilers, in order to create heat. Before any heavy oil flows easily, they must be heated. 

PF foams offer to the construction industry a useful combination of physical and flammability characteristics. They generate low levels of smoke in most fire tests. It was reported that a cupric complex of a macro heterocyclic compound is an effective stabiliser for thermo-oxidative decomposition of PF foams above 200 °C. An amount of 0.25-5.0 pph permits significant decrease of ignitability [178]. 

Other than the aforementioned compounds, flame retardant additives with other stmctures could be further explored. Many ionic liquids are known to be non-flammable, and ionic liquids could also be used as additives to lower the flammability of the electrolyte [12, 30]. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds with fluorinated substitutions have also been reported as new flame retardant additives [61,62]. Finally, a silane compound, methyl phenyl bismethoxydiethoxysilane, has been reported to serve as both the SEI formation additive and flame retardant additive [79]. 

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