Herbs, 53 distillation

Example Formula for Monastery Herb Liqueur (42% v/v) Step 1 Monastery Herb Distillate, 65% v/v... 

Essential Oils. Essential oils are produced by distillation of flowers, leaves, stems, wood, herbs, roots, etc. Distillations can be done directly or with steam. The technique used depends mosdy on the desired constituents of the starting material. Particular care must be taken in such operations so that undesired odors are not introduced as a result of pyrolytic reactions. This is a unique aspect of distillation processing in the flavor and fragrance industry. In some cases, essential oils are obtained by direct expression of certain fmits, particular of the citms family. These materials maybe used as such or as distillation fractions from them (see Oils, essential). 

Essential Oils. Volatile oils from plants are referred to as essential oils. The oils can be obtained through steam distillation, solvent extraction, or separation of the oils from pressed fmit. They consist of oxygenated compounds, terpenes, and sesquiterpenes. The primary flavor components of essential oils are oxygenated compounds. Terpenes contain some flavors but are often removed from the essential oil because they are easily oxidized (causiag off-flavors or odors) and are iasoluble. Essential oils are prepared from fmits, herbs, roots, and spices. 

Oleo Resins. These oily residues, obtained from the solvent extraction of herbs, contain more of the characteristic flavors than do the essential oils. The solvent extraction removes nearly all of the flavor bodies from the herb. The extract solvent is distilled, reduciag the solution to an oily residue. Oleo resias of iaterest to the carbonated beverage iadustry are ginger, celery, and black pepper. 

This oil is not cominercJally distilled from Ihe unmisod herb, bni there is no doubt that the flowers are to some estcut gathered protnieco-OQsIy and distilled with other lavender spieelesin Sp.ain—aud to a smaller extent in E rance. 

No, 3 was distilled frooi stalky herb io the dried ooudition, collcctod in Fehroary last. The proportioa of sulks amotjoted to nearly 60 per eenl. 51eld of oi 0 4 pet cent,... 

A sample of oil distilled from plauts grown at Wdzenhausen, the j-ield being jnst under J per cent, on the drv herb, had tbe following characters —... 

American pennyroyal oil is dialilled Irom a herb lodij euoua to Horth. Ameriea, Sedeoma puiegoiAes. The oil is principally distilled in North Carolina, Ohio, and Tenneasee. The dried leavfes yield about 3 pec eent,. and the leaves and stalks together about I D per cent, ol essential oil. 

The uil distilled from the herb in herb oil, but is slightly laeio-routory. 

A TLC method was developed for the estimation of nieotinie aeid and nicotinamide (Fignre 10.7) in phatmacentical preparations containing other vitamins, enzymes, herbs, and drugs, etc. [16]. The percentage recoveries for nicotinic acid and nicotinamide were 100.1 + 1.9 and 100.2 1.5, respectively, with this system. Each alcohol extract of samples or standard was pnt on sihca gel TLC plates, which were developed with distilled water. Each silica gel spot visualized under UV lamp was collected and extracted with 0.1 mol/1 HCl. The optical density of each clear extract was measured at 262 run. 

The volatile oil containing the essential flavor/aroma of the named plant, herb, root, bark, flower, etc. The volatile oil is obtained by distillation or expression, e.g. expressed Orange oil. 

As I loved him, I gathered all manner of herbs, extracted their salts, and distilled various medicines. But none of them seemed to do him the slightest good, and after six years I found that I had tried every possible vegetable substance, without any beneficial effect. 

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