Hepatocytes vinyl chloride

Hepatic Fibrosis/Cirrhosis Fibrosis usually results from chronic inflammation which can be the result of continuous exposure to a variety of hepatotoxic chemicals such as organic arscnicals, vinyl chloride, or high doses of vitamin A (Zimmerman, 1999), chronic ethanol ingestion and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Fibrosis usually occurs around the portal area, in the space of Disse, and around the central veins. This results in loss of liver architecture and function. The hepatocytes are replaced with fibrous material and thus there is hepatocyte loss. Periportal fibrosis may lead to portal hypertension. 

Alginate-polylysine has been used to encapsulate hepatocytes (32-34), parathyroid cells (35) and growth hormone transfected fibroblasts (36). Poly (acryl-onitrile/vinyl chloride) (PAN/PVC) macrocapsules have been used with PC12 (37, 38), embryonic mesencephalon tissue (39), thymic epithelial cells (40), adrenal chromaffin cells (41) and islets (25) using preformed hollow fibers or more recently coextrusion techniques (41) similar to those we have developed microcapsules cannot be made since DMSO is used as the solvent. All these studies have concluded from the maintenance of viability of the islets or cells that immunoprotection provided by the capsule membrane was compatible with... 

E. Arrhenius (1979). Ethanol inhibition of vinyl chloride metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes. Chem. Biol. Interact. 25, 1-6. 

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