HELIX reactor

Helix reactor Twisted tubes provide intense mixing of the flow Initially for replacing highly exothermic batch reactions 5... 

Figure 5.34 The HELIX-reactor unit (tube diameter 5 mm).

ShknTec Helix reactor Good mixing can be configured as a micro-reactor Perfect radial mixing Highly exothermic fast reactions... 

Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the tubular reactor. Seamless tubing, of 1/4-inch OD, type 316 stainless steel, was used for the preheater and the reactor. The reactor itself was 187 feet long, wound into a helix of 1 ft. diameter. The reactor and preheater were immersed in separate drums, which were filled with water, and maintained at constant temperature. 

When dense Pd-based membranes are used, permeabilities are low. To increase the membrane surface per unit volume of reactor the use of spiral tubes or helix-shaped Pd membranes has been proposed [39]. 

The reactor consists of a fixed cover (cap) and a loose vase (cup) mounted on the reactor shaft. A helicoidal groove on the shaft allows the descent of the cup by means of a follower pin. Two horizontal grooves allow the positioning of the cup either at the upper part of the helix in the gas phase or at the lowest position on top of the impeller blades submerged into the liquid phase. 

A helical ribbon impeller, 45 in (1.14 m) diameter, is operated in a 47-in (1.19-m) diameter reactor estimate the fluid viscosity from torque readings. The impeller is a single-turn helix with a 1 1 pitch, so the height of the impeller is the same as the diameter, 45 in (1.14 m). It is a double-flight helix, each blade of which is 4.5 in (0.114 m) wide. 

In continuous processes, the reactants are added and products are removed at a constant rate from the reactor, so that the volume of reacting material in the reactor (reaction vessel) remains constant. Two types of reactors, either (1) a continuous stirred tank or (2) a pipe reactor, are generally used. A continuous stirred tank reactor is similar to the batch reactor described above. A pipe reactor typically is a piece of tubing arranged in a coil or helix shape that is jacketed in a heat-transfer fluid. Reactants enter one end of the pipe, and the materials are mixed under the turbulent flow and react as they pass through the system. Pipe reactors are well-suited for reactants that do not mix well, because the tiu--bulence in the pipes causes all materials to mix thoroughly. 

Let us continue with the case of L/D = 500, the same as that of the pipeline reactor with a diameter of 0.413 m. Considering the helix diameter to be 10 times the pipe diameter, D = 4.13 m. 

FIGURE 8.24 Flow diagram of an unsegmented flow system with distillation. S = sample Ri and R2 — acidic and alkaline reagents R(1 — coiled reactor RC2 = coiled reactor for nitrogen absorption DU — distillation unit N2 = nitrogen stream H — heated glass helix WC = water cooled condenser PS = sample carrier stream D = detector. For details, see text. 

The basic component is a pure nickel, precision groimd, seamless tube (diameter 2 mm., length 5 m., wall thickness 0.1 mm.) soldered shut at one end. Five such tubes are needed. Each is colled into a helix, the helices are intertwined, and the open end of each tube is soldered to a brass header, as shown. The header is provided with a standard tapered male joint n. For ease of handling, the tubes are heated in a Hg stream at 1000°C for two hours, after which they may easily be bent by hand. The helix assembly is Inserted into a quartz reactor tube 1 m. long and 35 mm. in diameter. The front and back headers are cemented to the quartz tube with picein, as shown. The back header is provided with a needle valve v, which serves for fine control of pressure in the tube and through which the gaseous impurities, which are contained in the hydrogen and which accumulate in the reactor, may be released and subsequently burned. The front header has a connection for a mercury manometer. Only the middle part of the quartz reactor is electrically heated. Thus, the soldered points of the nickel tubes remain in the cooler sections of the apparatus. 

The evaluation of catalytic hydrogenation was carried out in batch reactor of 450 mL and under pressure (Parr autoclave). To eliminate the diffusion effects, the reactor was equipped with double-helix stirring device at specific positions near the bottom and on the surface of the reactant (height of the liquid mixture). To visualization of the system. Figure 25.11 presents the reactor used for this example. 

Eindhoven University of Technology Chemical Reactor Engineering/Helix STWl Den Dolech 2 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands... 

Reactor design. Several spherical PYREX vessels, with a volume between 100 and 200 cm were used. The gases were introduced into the reactor through capillary tubes (internal diameter 1 mm) and they were mixed with a helix. The RTD of the reactors were measured, under operating conditions, by three following tracer methods ... 

The first is a continuous stirred tank reactor process [2]. The SPS polymerization is carried out with a continuous stirred tank reactor with a paddle-type agitator [3-5], a helix-type agitator [2,4], an anchor-type agitator [5], or a pipe blade [5]. TTie powder level is indicated by a driving radiant ray device [6]. 

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