Heat Management Module HMM

Schematic of a coolant loop. (CT = coolant tank, FT = filter, IE = ion exchanger, FM = flow meter, PS = pressure sensor, TS = temperature sensor, LTSV = low-temperature solenoid valve, HTSV = high-temperature solenoid valve, HEX = heat exchanger.) 

Besides the stack, there are other components within a fuel cell system that may need heat removal. These components include the EXZ-EXZ converter, the control boards, the diodes, and some electrical or electronic components. About 10% of the electrical power from the stack turns into heat in the DC-EXZ  

For a fuel cell system incorporating fuel (e.g., CH,) processing the HMM becomes much more complicated. The temperatures of the hydrodesulfurization unit, the reformer, the water-gas shift reactors, the preferential oxidizer, and the stack are all need to be properly controlled and maintained. There will be a heat exchanger between every two adjacent units mentioned above. For steam reforming, heat is needed to generate vapor from liquid water for the steam reforming reaction and the subsequent water-gas shift reactions. The conversion of liquid water to steam is typically carried out in one or more of the heat exchangers mentioned above. . 

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