Heat Involved in Phase Changes A Kinetic-Molecular Approach

Heat Involved in Phase Changes A Kinetic-Molecular Approach 

CHAPTER 12 Intermolecular Forces Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes 

The minus sign indicates that heat is released. (For purposes of canceling, the units for C include °C, rather than K, which represents the same temperature increment.) 

This step contributes the greatest portion of the toted heat released because of the decrease in potential energy that occurs with the enormous decrease in distance between molecules in a gas and those in a liquid. 

Stage 3. Liquid water cools. The molecules are now in the liquid state. The continued loss of heat appears as a decrease in temperature, that is, as a decrease in the most probable molecular speed and, thus, the average E. The temperature decreases as long as the sample remains liquid. 

CHAPfER 12 hlermoleculor Forces Liquids, Sotds, and Phase Changes 

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