Heat exchanger condensing vapors

Consider the condensation of a vapor mixture inside the vertical tube as shown in Figure 15.1. Vapor enters the top of the tube and flows downwards. The condensate flows cocurrently with the remaining vapor down the tube. The coolant may flow cocurrently with or countercurrently to the vapor and liquid streams. Condensation on a horizontal tube was illustrated in Figure 15.2. In this case the condensed liquid drips off the tube and eventually collects at the bottom of the heat exchanger. The vapor flow is directed along or, more likely, across bundle of tubes. The design equations are developed in the same way for both types of condenser. 

Figure 1.19 shows a shell and tube heat exchanger. Hydrocarbon vapors enter the exchanger on the shell side where they are condensed by cooling water which runs through two passes of tubes. The pressure relief valve and the drain and vent valves on the shell side are shown. 

Steam converter (inclined tube heat exchanger with vapor condensation in the tubes)... 

Latent-heat transfer Heat exchange involving vaporization or condensation only. 

The commercial production equipment consists of a furnace, heat-exchanger tubes, a fractionating column packed with Rachig rings, a KCl feed, a waste removal system, and a vapor condensing system (Fig. 1). 

Although the T-s diagram is veiy useful for thermodynamic analysis, the pressure enthalpy diagram is used much more in refrigeration practice due to the fact that both evaporation and condensation are isobaric processes so that heat exchanged is equal to enthalpy difference A( = Ah. For the ideal, isentropic compression, the work could be also presented as enthalpy difference AW = Ah. The vapor compression cycle (Ranldne) is presented in Fig. H-73 in p-h coordinates. 

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