Health Hazards Associated with Extractives

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44 Yasue M, Ogiyama K, Abe T 1975 [Basic data on chemical constitutents of imported wood and injury to health occurring in the course of woodworking.]. Nat Res Sci Technol Jpn Publ 28 100-104 

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For the terrestrial environment, waste sites may act as major emission sources of mixtures. In the United States, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has performed a trend analysis to identify priority chemical mixtures associated with hazardous waste sites (De Rosa et al. 2001, 2004 Fay 2005). The information was extracted from the Hazardous Substance Release/Health Effects Database (HazDat) (ATSDR 1997). The HazDat contains data from hundreds of hazardous waste sites in the United States. A trend analysis was completed for frequently co-occurring chemicals in binary or ternary combinations found in air, water, and soil at or around hazardous waste sites (Fay and Mumtaz 1996 De Rosa et al. 2001, 2004). Table 1.1 gives an overview of frequently occurring substances at hazardous waste sites in the United States. 

Liquid-liquid extraction with traditional solvents is still used for the isolation of pesticides from water samples. It tends to consume large volumes of high-purity solvents, which may have significant health hazards and disposal costs associated with their use. Furthermore, it is frequently plagued by problems, such as emulsion formation. The SPE technique with various adsorbing materials packed in cartridges or imbedded in membranes and used in the... 

As a result of the COSHH regulations there is a legal duty to control substances that are hazardous to health. The Approved Code of Practice (ACOP) associated with these regulations sets out in order the methods that should be used to achieve adequate control. Extract and dilution ventilation are two of the methods mentioned. These regulations also require the measurement of the performance of any ventilation systems that control substances that are hazardous to health. The places where measurements are required to be taken are listed in para. 61 of the ACOP. 

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