Wiley, Harvey

Anderson, O. (1958). The Health of a Nation Harvey Wiley and the Fight for Pure Food. University of Chicago Press. 

American Chemists at the Century s Turn. S.M. Babcock, Harvey Wiley, Ira Remsen, T.W. Richards, and Edgar Fahs Smith. Chapter 58 in ibid., pp. 805-30. 

For the past 100 years, and particularly since about 1935, toxicologists have been activated by developments in synthetic chemistry. As the chemical industry began to spew forth hundreds and thousands of new products, pressures were created for the development of information about their possible harmful effects. The first federal law that gave notice of a major social concern about poisonous products was the Pure Food and Drug Act, passed by Congress in 1906 and signed into law by Theodore Roosevelt. Much of the impetus for the law came from the work of Harvey Wiley, chief chemist of the Department of Agriculture, and his so-called Poison Squad. Wiley and his team of chemists not infrequently dosed themselves with suspect chemicals to test for their deleterious effects. 

The regulation of drugs emerged first in developed countries. The first initiatives of regulation appeared in 1862 with the Bureau of Chemistry in the Department of Agriculture of the United States, lead by Harvey Wiley, trying to regulate food. 

One of the first artificial sweeteners was saccharin, first produced in 1878. When it started to become popular, the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) investigated its safety. However, Harvey Wiley, director of the bureau of chemistry for the USDA thought it might... 

Gaughan, A. Harvey Wiley, Theodore Roosevelt, and the Federal Regulation of Food and Drugs. Student paper, Harrard Law School, 2004. http //nrs.harvard.edU/urn-3 HUL.InstRepos 8852144. 

III, Bigelow, 1908, surveys the variety of chemical positions in the federal government at the turn of the century. On chemistry at the Bureau of Standards during this period, see III, Hillebrand, 1910 III, Weber, 1925, 43, 45 and III, Cochrane, 1966, 81 -82. Harvey Wiley s role in the fight for pure food, and the regulatory activities of the Bureau of Chemistry after 1906, are treated in III, Weber, 1928, 59-84 and III, Anderson, 1958, Chapters 7-12. On chemical work at the Bureau of Mines, see III, Clement, 1911 and III, Powell, 1922,16-29,45-50. 

The increasing importance of the chemist s role in public service did not pass unnoticed. It prompted commentary on both the number of chemists involved and their salary levels relative to other state and municipal civil servants. Two 1916 estimates of the number of state and local government chemists survive. Harvey Wiley estimated 650 chemists in state employ, nationwide. Adding an equal number for local government chemists (which he acknowledged was probably an underestimate) yielded a total of 1300 chemists in non-federal government positions. The second estimate was given in a comprehensive survey of the status and compensation of the chemist in public service , in which Frederick Breithut calculated that there were about 2100 chemists at the state and local levels. ... 

J M 1992. Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Elementary Methods. New York, John Wiley Sons, ammon J A and S C Harvey 1987. Dynamics of Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Cambridge, Cambridge Jniversity Press. 

CL Brooks, M Karplus, M Pettitt. Proteins. Adv Chem Phys, Vol 71. New York Wiley, 1988. JA McCammon, SC Harvey. New York Cambridge Univ Press, 1987. 

R. G. Harvey and E. R. De Sombre, The Michaelis-Arbuzov and related reactions, in Topics in Phosphorus Chemistry, Vol. 1 (M. Grayson and E. J. Griffith, eds.), Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1964. 

Harvey, M. Lukehart, G. M. In Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Wiley Chichester (in press)... 

McCammon, J.A., Harvey, S.C. (1987), Dynamics of proteins and nucleic acids. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press. Brooks III, C. L., Karplus, M., Pettitt, B.M. (1988), Proteins. A theoretical perspective of dynamics, structure, and thermodynamics. New York Wiley. 

Chief chemist Harvey W. Wiley (called the "Crusading Chemist" and "Father of the Pure Food and Drugs Act") campaigns for a federal drug safety law. 

Harvey AL, ed. Advances in Drug Discovery Techniques, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 1998. 

Kumar, S. and Gunnarsson, K. Small molecule drug screening based on surface plasmon resonance. In Advantages of Drug Discovery Technology, Harvey, A.L (Ed.). Wiley, Chichester, UK, 1998, 97-114. 

Lovell Becker, E., Butterfield, W. J. H., McGehee Harvey, A., Heptinstall, R. H. and Lewis, T. (eds). 1986. International Dictionary of Medicine and Biology. New York John Wiley Sons. 

Harvey, R. G., Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Wiley-VCH, New York, 1997. 

Jaspars, M. In Advances in Drug Discovery Techniques Alan L. Harvey, Ed. John Wiley Sons Ltd. New York, 1998 pp.65-84. 

To determine the safety of additives and preservatives in foods and medicines, the United States government established a poison squad, a group of young men who volunteered to eat foods treated with chemicals such as borax, formaldehyde, and benzoic acid. The poison squad was established by Dr. Harvey W. Wiley (1844-1930), head of the United States Bureau of Chemistry, the precursor to the FDA. 

Edited by Alaa S. Abd-El Aziz, Charles E. Carraher Jr., Pierre D. Harvey, Charles U. Pittman Jr., Martel Zeldin. Copyright 2010 John Wiley Sons, Inc. 

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