Halogen nitrogen—sulfur bonds

All contain an acyl group, R—c- bonded to another residue. The R substituent of the acyl group may be alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl the other substituent to which tlie acyl fragment is bonded may be a carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or other atom. 

Unlike many other type of radical addition reactions, the product is most often an alkyl-cobalt(III) species capable of further manipulation. These product Co—C bonds have been converted in good yields to carbon-oxygen (alcohol, acetate), carbon-nitrogen (oxime, amine), carbon-halogen, carbon-sulfur (sulfide, sulfinic acid) and carbon-selenium bonds (equations 179 and 180)354. Exceptions to this rule are the intermolecular additions to electron-deficient olefins, in which the putative organocobalt(III) species eliminates to form an a,/ -unsaturated carbonyl compound or styrene353 or is reduced (under electrochemical conditions) to the alkane (equation 181)355. 

You have now seen how enols and enolates react with electrophiles based on hydrogen (deuterium), carbon, halogens, silicon, sulfur, and nitrogen. What remains to be seen is how new carbon-carbon bonds can be formed with alkyl halides and carbonyl compounds in their normal electrophilic mode. These reactions are the subject of Chapters 26-29. We must first look at the ways aromatic compounds react with electrophiles. You will see similarities with the behaviour of enols. 

D. V-Nitrosamines Oxygen-Sulfur Bond Oxygen-Nitrogen Bond Oxygen-Phosphorus Bond Sulfur-Nitrogen Bond Sulfur-Halogen Bond Sulfur-Phosphorus Bond References... 

Covalently bonded halogen, nitrogen, and sulfur must be converted into inorganic ions, which can then be detected in already familiar ways. This conversion is accomplished in either of two ways (a) through sodium fusion, treatment with hot molten sodium metal ... 

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