Haemodynamics halothane

For inhalational induction of anaesthesia in children, 6% sevoflurane in 50% nitrous oxide and oxygen is probably optimal. However, some anaesthetists consider it to be inferior to halothane for the management of the irritable or constricted airway and for anaesthesia for bronchoscopy. Sevoflurane is preferred for dental procedures as there is a lower risk of cardiac arrhythmias than with halothane, especially in children. In children with congenital heart disease, whereas the cardiac index is reduced by halothane it is preserved with sevoflurane. In adults, 8% sevoflurane is well tolerated and, provides rapid induction of anaesthesia without adversely affecting haemodynamic stability. 

Muir W W 1995 The haemodynamic effects of milrinone HCI In halothane anaesthetized horses. Equine Veterinary Journal Supplement 19 108-113 Muir W W, Mcguirk S M 1985 Pheirmacology and pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat cardiac disease in horses. Veterinary Clinics of North America Equine Practice 1 335-352 Muir W W D, Mcguirk S 1987 Cardiovascular drugs. Their pharmacology and use In horses. Veterinary Clinics of North America Equine Practice 3 37-57 Muir W W D, Reed S M, Mcguirk S M 1990 Treatment of atrial fibrillation in horses by intravenous administration of quinidine. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 197 1607-1610... 

Young L E, Blissitt K J, Clutton R E et al 1998 Haemodynamic effects of a sixty min infusion of dopamine hydrochloride in horses anaesthetised with halothane. Equine Veterinary Journal 30 310-316... 

Raekallio M, Vainio O, Scheinin M 1991 Detomidine reduces the plasma catecholamine but not cortisol concentrations in horses, Zentraiblatt fur Veterinarmedizin Reihe A 38 153-156 Raekallio M, Leino A, Vainio 0 et al 1992 Sympatho-adrenal activity and the clinical sedative effect of detomidine in horses. Equine Veterinary Journal Supplement 11 66-68 Raisis A L, Young L E, Blissitt K J et al 2000 A comparison of the haemodynamic effects of isoflurane and halothane anaesthesia in horses. Equine Veterinary Journal 32 318-326... 

---