Gynoid fat

Differences between the location of android versus gynoid fat, and their association with diseases... 

White Fat and Brown Fat Subcutaneous Fai and Visceral Fat Android and Gynoid Fat Hypertrophic and Hyperplastic Cftesity... 

Excess fat can be located in the central abdominal area (android, upper body obesity). This fat is associated with a greater risk for hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and coronary heart disease. That distributed in the lower extremities (gynoid, lower body obesity) is relatively benign, healthwise. 

Several techniques have been devised for measuring fat and its distribution in living humans. Terms used to refer to fat s distribution include subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, android (male type) obesity, and gynoid (female type) obesity. The science of measurement of body size, weight, and proportions is called anthropometry. Hence, the following techniques are methods of anthropometry. 

Adipose Tissue Estrogenic states favor subcutaneous fat deposition in the gluteofemoral region (lower body) and promote lower body obesity. Current evidence suggests that a lower body fat pattern, or a low upper-lower body circumference ratio (referred to as gynoid ), is associated with a lower incidence of coronary heart disease and may be due to the effect of estrogen on lipoprotein metabolism. 

It has been a consistent finding that Type II diabetes is almost invariably associated with obesity but of more fundamental interest is its association with a particular distribution of body fat. The excessive adipose tissue characteristic of obesity tends to be distributed in the upper body, including the waist (android or upper body obesity) or the lower body, including the hips and buttocks (gynoid or lower body obesity). The former is more characteristic of men and is more closely associated with Type II diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and other metabolic disorders while the latter is more usually seen in women and has fewer adverse metabolic implications. These relationships are so strong that risk can be assessed by a relatively simple index the ratio of waist to hip circumference. 

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