Guarding duration

Sweat is not just water but a dilute solution of electrolytes, mainly sodium and chloride. The actual composition varies from individual to individual and within individuals, according to circumstances. Typical values are shown in Table 13.6, from which it can be seen that sweat is considerably less concentrated than plasma. Hence sweating causes an increase in plasma electrolyte concentrations. Only in events of long duration (more than 3 h) is it considered essential to replace lost sodium during the event to guard against hyponatraemia (low plasma sodium concentration) (Gisolfi and Duchman, 1992). However, sports drinks conventionally contain added sodium, chloride and other electrolytes at levels similar to those found in sweat. 

The side-arm of the Buchner flask is protected with a CaCl2-guard-tube. Now, cool the flask in an ice-salt freezing mixture in an efficient fume cupboard, and pass a steady and brisk stream of diy HCl-gas through the solution for a duration of 2 hours with occasional shaking. 

Eliminate palm buttons where possible. When necessary, select REES low force 8.5N (1.91b.) palm buttons 04957-012, DaimlerChrysler NPM 22-452-1510 for palm buttons cycle initiation applications. The spacing between the palm buttons should not exceed 61 cm (24"). Static force application to palm buttons should be minimized and must not exceed 4 seconds in duration per cycle. Button boxes should not increase the reach distance from the operator to load the point. Ring guards are required for each horizontal palm button. 

The Code presents a graphical risk assessment method which is only intended for selecting interlocked guarding systems. Essentially the choice of interlock is determined by the potential severity of injury the frequency (but not including the duration) of approach and the probability of injury if the interlock fails. 

The residual weakness of the proposed more detailed method is the non-inclusion of the duration of access, and consideration of the probability of defeat or misuse. Above all the graphical method should have been developed to cover a range of safeguarding applications not just interlocked guards. 

A total of 105 patients with dry mouth (xerostomia) were included in a randomised, nonblinded, parallel-group controlled clinical trial. The patients were assigned to one of the three groups A (night guard), B (mouthwash) or C (night guard and mouthwash). A xerostomia questionnaire was administered, and unstimulated salivary flow was measured. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 was assessed. All measurements were taken before and after treatment, which had a duration of 4 weeks. The patients in turn completed a treatment satisfaction questionnaire [53C]. 

The Navy Gas Officers and the Navy Gas Enlisted Courses, each of six days duration, were not comprehensive. These short courses were limited to technical training in protection against war gases, with particular attention to naval protective materiel and protective measures and decontamination procedures afloat. Where more extended instruction of this type was desirable for Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard enlisted personnel, the students were assigned to the NCO Course after April 1943 instead of the special four-week classes. 

Two specially trained guards are posted at the access door of the lower equipment personnel access for the full duration of the pump overhaul. This allows for the only recovery action (closure of the door) in case of massive primary leak. 

---