Guanine nucleotide release

Strittmatter SM, Valenzuela D, Sudo Y, Linder ME, Eishman MC (1991) An intracellular guanine nucleotide release protein for Go. GAP-43 stimulates isolated alpha subunits by a novel mechanism. J Biol Chem 266 22465-22471... 

Hu P, Margolis B, Skolnik EY et al. Interaction of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-associated p85 with epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors. Mo/ Cell Biol 1992 12 981-990. Li N, Batzer A, Daly R et al. Guanine-nucleotide-releasing factor hSosl binds to Grb2 and links receptor tyrosine kinases to Ras signalling. Nature 1993 363 85-88. 

The first step in the activation of G proteins is the replacement of GDP by GTP. Whereas in the case of heterotrimeric G proteins, GDP-GTP exchange is catalysed by G-protein-coupled heptahelical receptors, monomeric G proteins, such as Ras, recruit GDP exchange factors (GEFs) and guanine nucleotide release proteins (GNRPs). These factors promote formation of the active, GTP-bound form of Ras and, because they are linkers, connect Ras with the RTK. 

H. Tbrasawa, D. Kohda, H. Hatanaka, S. Tsuchiya, K. Oguia, K. Nagata, et al. Structme of the N-terminal SH3 domain of GRB2 complexed with a peptide from the guanine nucleotide releasing factor SOS. Nature Struct Biol, 1, 891-897, 1994. 

S. Tanaka, T. Morishita, Y. Hashimoto, S. Hattori, S. Nakamura, M. Shibuya, et cd. C3G, a guanine nucleotide-releasing protein expressed ubiquitously, binds to the Src homology 3 domains of CRK and GRB2/ASH proteins. Proc Natl Acad Set, USA, 91 (8), 3443-3447, 1994. 

Sos, son of sevenless, is a Drosophila gene that encodes a guanine nucleotide release factor, which activates Ras. It is involved in neuronal development in Drosophila. 

Gotoh T, Hattori S, Nakamura S, Kitayama H, Noda M, Takai Y, Kaubuchi K, Matsui H, Hatase O, Takahashi H, Kurata T, Matsuda M. Identification of Rapl as a target for the Crk SH3 domain-binding guanine nucleotide-releasing factor C3G. Mol. Cell. Biol. 1995 15 6746-6753. 

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