Groups suffixes

Rule 7 Every bifurcation represents the end of a generation. The terminal groups [suffix (end)] do not form a generation. 

Functional group Suffix Substituent name (prefix)... 

Functional Group Suffix Example Example Name... 

Compounds with two functional groups are named using the higher-precedence group for determining the root numbering and for the group suffix. 

The following mles are used to name a compound that has a functional group suffix ... 

The parent hydrocarbon is numbered in the direction that gives the functional group suffix the lowest possible number. 

When there is only a functional group suffix, the functional group suffix gets the lowest possible number. 

If the same number for the functional group suffix is obtained in both directions, the chain is numbered in the direction that gives a substituent the lowest possible number. Notice that a number is not needed to designate the position of a functional group suffix in a cyclic compound, because it is assumed to be at the... 

Remember that the name of a substituent is stated before the name of the parent hydrocarbon, and the functional group suffix is stated after the name of the parent hydrocarbon. 

The substituents—regardless of whether they are attached to the nitrogen or to the parent hydrocarbon—are listed in alphabetical order, and then a number or an N is assigned to each one. The chain is numbered in the direction that gives the functional group suffix the lowest possible number. 

Alcohol functional group suffix is ol CH3OH methanol CH3CH2OH ethanol alkyl group to which OH is attached, plus alcohol CH3OH methyl alcohol CH3CH2OH ethyl alcohol... 

Amine functional group suffix is amine CH3CH2NH2 ethanamine CH3CH2CH2NHCH3 A-methyl-l-propanamine alkyl groups attached to N, plus amine CH3CH2NH2 ethylainine CH3CH2CH2NHCH3 methylpropylamine... 

If the same number for the aUcene functional group suffix is obtained in both directions, the correct name is the name that contains the lowest substituent number. For example, 2,5-dimethyM-octene is a 4-octene whether the longest continuous chain is numbered from left to right or from right to left. If you number from left to right, the substituents are at positions 4 and 7, but if you number from right to left, they are at positions 2 and 5. Of those four substituent numbers, 2 is the lowest, so the compound is named 2,5-dimethyM-octene and not... 

If both directions lead to the same number for the alkene functional group suffix and the same low number(s) for one or more of the substituents, then those substituents are ignored and the direction is chosen that gives the lowest number to one of the remaining substituents. 

If the same number for the alkyne functional group suffix is obtained counting from either direction along the carbon chain, the correct systematic name is the one that contains the lowest substituent number. If the compound contains more than one substituent, the substituents are listed in alphabetical order. 

A substituent receives the lowest possible number only if there is no functional group suffix or if the same number for the functional group suffix is obtained in both directions. 

Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon triple bond. A triple bond can be thought of as a cylinder of electrons wrapped around the a bond. The functional group suffix of an alkyne is yne. A terminal alkyne has the triple bond at the end of the chain an internal alkyne has the triple bond located elsewhere along the chain. Internal alkynes, with two alkyl substituents bonded to the sp carbons, are more stable than terminal alkynes. We now have seen that alkyl groups stabilize alkenes, alkynes, carbo-cations, and alkyl radicals. 

The relative priorities of the functional group suffixes are shown in Table 8.1. If the second functional group suffix has a higher priority than the alkene, the chain is numbered in the direction that assigns the lowest possible number to the functional group with the higher priority. 

Functional group sufSx functional group suffix... 

Functional Group Suffix if higher priority Prefix if lower priority Example when the functional group has lower priority ... 

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