Ground water, transformation product

Schroyer, B. and P. Capel (1996). A high-performance liquid chromatography-based screening method for the analysis of atrazine, alachlor, and ten of their transformation products. In M.T. Meyer and E.M. Thurman, eds., Herbicides Metabolites in Surface Water and Ground Water. ACS Symposium Series 630. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, pp. 34-42. 

Dupas, S., Guenu, S., Pichon, V., Montiel, A., Welte, B., and Hennion, M. C., Long term monitoring of pesticides and polar transformation products in ground water using automated online trace-enrichment and liquid chromatography with diode array detection, Int. J. Environ. Anal Chem., 65,53-68,1996. 

Numerous studies worldwide have documented the presence of pesticide transformation products in the environment [27-32]. The below investigations are provided as examples documenting the importance of including transformation products for pesticide studies of both streams and ground-water. 

Kolpin DW, Schnoebelen DJ, Thurman EM (2004) Transformation products provide insight to spatial and temporal trends of herbicides in groimd water. Ground Water 42(4) 601-608... 

It is possible that some APIs and adjuvants have been present in the environment for years or even decades. A lack of information about the presence of such micro-pollutants is largely due to a shortage of appropriate analytical methods making compounds difficult to detect. The broader availability of LC-MS and LC-MS/MS in particular permits the detection of polar compounds, such as most pharmaceuticals, metabolites and transformation products, that have not previously been amenable to analysis. Today, there is evidence of the occurrence of some 180 different drugs (parent compounds) and many metabolites in sewage treatment plant effluent, surface water and ground water and the number will increase with the development of new analytical methods. 

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