Grinding spindle

There are several possible techniques for measuring the controlled variable. For instance, one can measure the grinding forces in the normal and tangential directions to the surface of the grinding wheel by means of a multiaxis piezoelectric force measurement platform mounted beneath the grinding spindle. Since this is, however, an expensive solution, the active electrical power required by the grinding spindle serves as a control variable, making the spindle a multifunctional element [172]. 

Internal circular grinding machines are usually equipped with high frequency grinding spindles (three-phase asynchronous motors) and frequency converters for continuously variable speed control. As a measure of the mechanical power emitted by the grinding spindle, one can use the electrical output power delivered by the converter, which can easily be acquired by conventional measurement techniques. The required control variable - one speaks in this case of constant-power grinding - is therefore almost free of charge. 

Resinoid-bonded wheels find wide use in heavy-duty snagging operations where large amounts of metal must be removed quickly, in cutting-off operations, portable disk grinding (as for weld-beads), roU grinding, and vertical spindle disk grinding. 

To keep the male cone axial during the initial grinding, it is useful to have a cork of suitable size fitted on to the spindle. The spindle is cut off after the grinding. 

Provide sufficient strength and stiffness to ensure optimal transfer of the grinding forces from the spindle to workpiece. 

A spindle is a rotating shaft with a fixture for holding a tool (in the case of a milling, grinding, or drilling spindle) or a workpiece (in the case of a turning spindle). The spindle shaft serves as a support, a positioner, and a rotary drive for the tool or workpiece. 

In 2008, Aurich et al. introduced an USM mill with a diameter of 7 pm. This tool was made by a precision grinding process and its advantage is the tool shank fulfilling two tasks at one time It is a tool holder for the USM mill and a precision rotor for an air turbine spindle. With this configuration, tool runout can be minimized and tool lives improved (Aurich et al. 2008). 

The off-hand grinding machine is basically an electric motor having a spindle at each end, each carrying a grinding wheel, also referred to as an abrasive wheel. This arrangement allows a coarse wheel to be... 

The column, guided on a dovetail slide, carries the wheelhead at its top end and contains the motor and belt drive to the wheel spindle. The column and wheelhead are raised and lowered through a screw and nut from a handwheel on the front of the machine. A telescopic guard is fitted to prevent grinding dust coming between the slide surfaces. 

The wheelhead carries the wheel spindle, which is mounted in precision bearings. The complete grinding-wheel collet assembly is fitted on a taper on the end of the spindle. Drive to the spindle is by vee belt and pulley from the motor mounted in the bottom of the column. 

It is impossible to produce good-quality work on any grinding machine if the wheel Is out of balance, thus setting up vibrations through the spindle. 

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