Green commodity

Keywords Natural rubber, Hevea brasiliensis, cultivation, modification, primary processing, manufacturing techniques, pneumatic tyre, non-tyre products, vulcanization, green commodity... 

The reliance of fossil fuels has been challenged by lower cost and renewable sources that are more environmentally friendly. The traditional chemical plant has met serious competition from green plants. Many monomers are now made via fermentation, using low-cost sugars as feedstock. Some of the commodity monomers are under siege by chemicals extracted from biomass. Monomer production has been expanded to include many more monomers from nature. 

Each commodity required a specifically customized workbook, containing a worksheet for each analyte determined in the commodity. Each laboratory received electronic copies of either three or four workbooks, which served as templates for the three or four commodities assigned to the laboratory. Each set of up to 10 commodity samples scheduled for colleetion and analysis required the creation of a copy of the appropriate template. Each workbook template contained one primary worksheet for each analyte, in which analytical data were recorded and residue levels were calculated, as described below. Eor example, the template for green beans contained 17 primary worksheets, one for each of the 17 analytes determined in each green bean sample. Additional worksheets were inserted into copies of the template as needed, to describe results of further analyses, such as confirmation of analytes present above the limit of quantitation (LOQ) or dilutions to bring the concentration of the analyte into the calibration range. 

Green, R. J., Relation of Environment to Disease Development in Storage and Transit, 16th National Conference on Handling Perishable Agricultural Commodities, 1962. 

In 1998, PDP collected samples of apple juice, cantaloupe, grape juice, green beans, orange juice, pears, spinach, strawberries, sweet potatoes, tomatoes, winter squash, com symp, milk, and soybeans. A total of 8500 samples were collected. Most of these were from fmits and vegetables (7017) with lower numbers of samples collected for whole milk (595), soybeans (590) and com symp (298). The majority of samples (84 percent) was of domestic origin. Overall, 45 percent of the samples contained no detectable residue while 26 percent contained one residue and 29 percent contained more than one residue. Residues exceeding the tolerance level were detected on 0.15 percent of the samples. In another 3.7 percent of the samples, residues of pesticides were detected on commodities for which no tolerances of the pesticides were established (USDA, 2000). 

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