Gratings

The first requirement is a source of infrared radiation that emits all frequencies of the spectral range being studied. This polychromatic beam is analyzed by a monochromator, formerly a system of prisms, today diffraction gratings. The movement of the monochromator causes the spectrum from the source to scan across an exit slit onto the detector. This kind of spectrometer in which the range of wavelengths is swept as a function of time and monochromator movement is called the dispersive type. 

The financial support of the EU Commission to the in-plant testing and validation work packages, in the frame ofthe BRITE-EURAM Project 6056 "SIMON" is gratefully acknowledged. 

The financial support of the UE Commission to the work presented in this paper, in the frame of the BRFTE-EURAM Project 6056 "SIMON", is gratefully acknowledged. 

The cooperation and support of the ENEL S.p. A. Production Division, that made extensive in-plant monitoring possible, is also gratefully acknowledged. 

Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The authors are kindly grateful to U. Ewert, B. Redmer,... 

This work was supported by the Ministry of Economics of Germany. The authors are grateful to J. Goebbels (BAM, Germany) for fruitful discussions. 

Acknowledgements. Helpful conversations with Dr. H.Aben are gratefully acknowledged. 

The development of UTDefect has been sponsored by the Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate (SKI) and this is gratefully acknowledged. 

The authors are grateful to F.Schur, W.B.Klemmt, Alexei Kuntewich and V.Vengrinowich for helpful discussions. 

The authors are grateful to Dr. Placid Rodriguez, Director IGCAR for his keen encouragement and support. Authors are also thankful to S/Shri S.Saravanan, V.Manoharan, P.Balaraman and Shri P.Sukumar for all their help in experimental work. 

The work described in this paper was undertaken as part of a project funded by the European Community under the Industrial and Materials technologies Programme (Brite/EuRam III). The contributions of other partners in the project, AIB-Vinfotte asbl, Tecnatom SA and SLV Mifrichen GmbH) is gratefully acknowledged. 

The authors are grateful to Dr J M Farley of Mitsui Babcock Energy Limited for useful comments. 

The diffraction is essentially that of a grating. As illustrated in Fig. VIII-7, the Laue condition for incidence normal to the surface is... 

Zhu X D, Rasing T H and Shen Y R 1988 Surface diffusion of CO on Ni(111) studied by diffraction of optical second-harmonic generation off a monolayer grating Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 2883-5... 

Figure Bl.18.2. Diffraction figure of a grating If only the zeroth-order beam were collected by the lens, only a bright area would be visible without any stnicture indicating the presence of the grating. If the zeroth- and ifirst-order beams are collected, as indicated in the figure, the grating can be observed, albeit with incomplete object fidelity.

Figure Bl.18.6. Schematic representation of Zemike s phase contrast method. The object is assumed to be a relief grating in a transparent material of constant index of refraction. Phase and amplitude are varied by the Zemike diaphragm, such that an amplitude image is obtained whose contrast is, m principle, adjustable.

Figure B2.1.1 Femtosecond light source based on an amplified titanium-sapphire laser and an optical parametric amplifier. Symbols used P, Brewster dispersing prism X, titanium-sapphire crystal OC, output coupler B, acousto-optic pulse selector (Bragg cell) FR, Faraday rotator and polarizer assembly DG, diffraction grating BBO, p-barium borate nonlinear crystal.

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