Mild oxidation, graphite modification

Graphite Modification by Mild Oxidation and Chemically Bonded (CB) SEI... 

Mild oxidation of graphite was found to improve anode performance. Improvement was attributed to the formation of SEI chemically bonded to the surface carboxylic and oxide groups at the zig-zag and armchair faces, better wetting by the electrolyte and to accommodation of extra lithium at the zig-zag, armchair and other edge sites and nanovoids. Graphite-surface modification by silylation and the creation of the core-shell-structured carbon composite look promising for the enhancement of electrochemical performance. 

---