Incidence matrix, graph theory

Let R- = [j J define a literal causality matrix of size nxn whose entries follow Eq (2). In graph theory (Deo 1974), R corresponds to a node-to-node incidence matrix. Moreover, the transposed form of the R matrix (i.e. R ) has an equivalent structure to that of a DSM(Aleisa Lin 2009). This allows us to exploit the well-established methods of DSM to structure literal spaces, while still remaining consistent with the previous literature on state-space literature, the theory of ordered relations (Dartmouth College Writing Group. Cogan 1958) and Markov Chains by considering the transposed form. 

Branched topologies as generated by the conditional Monte Carlo methods described in this section are most conveniently represented in matrix forms from graph theory [33, 53]. We name two of them the adjacency matrix A and the incidence matrix C (see Figure 9.22). They both describe connectivity. Note that in... 

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