Graham, Will

Thus his experiments were the first to indicate the surprising result that relation (6,1) remains valid even in conditions where bulk diffusion resistance is completely dominant. Accordingly (6.1), perhaps the most important single experimental result on diffusion in porous media, will be referred to as Graham s relation. 

Hawthorne eventually wrote up his MIT notes for a paper with his research student, Graham de Vahl Davis [16], but it is really Will Hawthorne who should have written this book. So I dedicate it to him, one of several great engineering teachers, including Keenan, Taylor and Shapiro, who graced the mechanical engineering department at MIT when I was there as a young assistant professor. 

Instead of an exact calculation, Gouy and Chapman have assumed that (4) can be approximated by combining the Poisson equation with a Boltzmann factor which contains the mean electrical potential existing in the interface. (This approximation will be rederived below). From this approach the distribution of the potential across the interface can be calculated as the function of a and from (2) we get a differential capacitance Cqc- It has been shown by Grahame that Cqc fits very well the measurements in the case of low ionic concentrations [11]. For higher concentrations another capacitance in series, Q, had to be introduced. It is called the inner layer capacitance and it was first considered by Stern [1,2]. Then the experimental capacitance Cexp is analyzed according to ... 

Mackellar, C., Graham, D., Will, D.W., Burgess, S., and Brown, T., Synthesis and physical properties of anti-HIV antisense oligonucleotides bearing terminal lipophilic groups, Nucleic Acid Research, 1992, 20, 3411-3417. 

This chapter s discussion does not treat inorganic and organic free radicals and triplet states (such as dioxygen, O2), which produce EPR spectra. Rather, the focus here will be on EPR behavior of transition metal centers that occur in biological species. An excellent presentation of the subject, written by Graham Palmer, is found in Chapter 3 of reference l.16 The discussion here is summarized mostly from that source. 

Some opportunities of such approximations are well illustrated by considering two characteristic examples. The first example will be a dusty-gas model, where porous media is considered as one of components of a gas mix of huge molecules (or particles of a dust), mobile or rigidly fixed in space [249,252,253], Such a model allows a direct application of methods and results of kinetic theory of gases and is effectively applied to the description of mass transfer processes in PS. The history of such an approach, the origins of which can be found in the works by Thomas Graham (1830 to 1840) is considered in Ref. [249], Actually, the model was first proposed by James Maxwell (1860), further it was independently reported by Deryagin and Bakanov (1957), and then also independently reported by Evans, Watson, and Mason (1961 see Refs. [249,252]). 

Graham s law—The lower the molecular mass of a gas, the faster it will effuse/diffuse. 

Phosphates with ring-like anions which correspond exactly with the formula MeT Oa,) found by Graham for the metaphosphates. Only these will be designated, following a usage developed in the meantime, as metaphosphates. 

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