Graded Transition Phase

Description Ethylene and comonomer are dissolved in solvent then fed into a reactor. Butene-1, octene-1 or both together can be used as comonomer. The reactor system operates in a solution phase, and, due to inherent low residence time (less than 2 minutes), it offers a tremendous flexibility for grade transitions and significant versatility for meeting product needs of a diverse market. 

STRUCTURE AND STABILITY OF COMPOSITION-GRADED TRANSITIONAL BUFFERING PHASE... 

Optimal Grade Transition Campaign Scheduling in a Gas-Phase Polyolefin FBR Using Mixed Integer Dynamic... 

During this transitional phase, the zinc-carbon batteries can be classified into two types, Leclanche and zinc chloride. These can, in turn, be subdivided into separate general purpose and premium battery grades, in both pasted and paper-lined constructions ... 

This capability of self-assembly to make ordered arrays of nanostructures is, in essence, nothing new. Crystallization of molecular or atomic species (whether it is the phase transition of liquid water into solid ice, or of liquid silicon into semiconductor-grade silicon crystal) is an example of self-assembly, as are the formation of surfactants in soap bubbles126, the crystallization of viruses for x-ray structure determination127, and the ordering of liquid crystals in displays128. The novelty of self-assembly is in the focus on the formation of matter structured rationally at scales less than 100 nm, and the realization that the only practical method of achieving these structure is to have the components assemble themselves spontaneously. 

The concept of functionally graded materials (FGMs) is to tailor nonuniform distribution of components and phases in materials, and hence combine mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical, and other properties that cannot be realized in uniform materials. For example, the material structure may have a smooth transition from a metal phase with good mechanical strength on one side, to a ceramic phase with high thermal resistance on the other side (see Fig. 13). With a gradual variation in composition, FGMs do not have the intermaterial boundaries found in multilayer materials, and hence they exhibit better resistance to thermal stress. 

---